Articles

Memory function in opioid-dependent patients treated with methadone or buprenorphine along with benzodiazepine: longitudinal change in comparison to healthy individuals

Opioid-substitution treatment (OST) for opioid dependence (OD) has proven effective in retaining patients in treatment and reducing illegal opiate abuse and crime. Consequently, the World Health Organization (...

Authors: Pekka Rapeli, Carola Fabritius, Hely Kalska and Hannu Alho

How much choice is there in housing choice vouchers? Neighborhood risk and free market rental housing accessibility for active drug users in Hartford, Connecticut

Since the mid-1970s, the dominant model for U.S. federal housing policy has shifted from unit-based programs to tenant based vouchers and certificates, intended to allow recipients a choice in their housing an...

Authors: Julia B Dickson-Gomez, Ellen Cromley, Mark Convey and Helena Hilario

Are social norms associated with smoking in French university students? A survey report on smoking correlates

Knowledge of the correlates of smoking is a first step to successful prevention interventions. The social norms theory hypothesises that students' smoking behaviour is linked to their perception of norms for u...

Authors: Lionel Riou França, Bertrand Dautzenberg, Bruno Falissard and Michel Reynaud

Differences in service utilization and barriers among Blacks, Hispanics, and Whites with drug use disorders

Treatment for drug use disorders (DUD) can be effective, but only a small proportion of people with DUD seek or receive treatment. Research on racial and ethnic treatment differences and disparities remains un...

Authors: Brian E Perron, Orion P Mowbray, Joseph E Glass, Jorge Delva, Michael G Vaughn and Mathew Owen Howard

Stereotyping and the treatment of missing data for drug and alcohol clinical trials

Stigma and stereotyping of marginalized groups often is insidious and shows up in unlikely places, for instance in how clinical trials consider dropouts in treatment research. A surprising number of studies pr...

Authors: Stephan Arndt

The Leeds Evaluation of Efficacy of Detoxification Study (LEEDS) prisons project: a randomised controlled trial comparing dihydrocodeine and buprenorphine for opiate detoxification

Many opiate users entering British prisons require prescribed medication to help them achieve abstinence. This commonly takes the form of a detoxification regime. Previously, a range of detoxification agents h...

Authors: Laura Sheard, Nat MJ Wright, Hany G El-Sayeh, Clive E Adams, Ryan Li and Charlotte NE Tompkins

Therapeutic community drug treatment success in Peru: a follow-up outcome study

The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of drug abuse treatment in Peru that used the therapeutic community (TC) model. Program directors and several staff members from all study treatment facilitie...

Authors: Knowlton Johnson, Zhenfeng Pan, Linda Young, Jude Vanderhoff, Steve Shamblen, Thom Browne, Ken Linfield and Geetha Suresh

Short scales to assess cannabis-related problems: a review of psychometric properties

The purpose of this paper is to summarize the psychometric properties of four short screening scales to assess problematic forms of cannabis use: Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS), Cannabis Use Disorders Iden...

Authors: Daniela Piontek, Ludwig Kraus and Danica Klempova

The development of multiple drug use among anabolic-androgenic steroid users: six subjective case reports

The inappropriate use of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) was originally a problem among athletes but AAS are now often used in nonsport situations and by patients attending regular addiction clinics. The ai...

Authors: Kurt Skårberg, Fred Nyberg and Ingemar Engström

Character pathology and neuropsychological test performance in remitted opiate dependence

Cognitive deficits and personality pathology are prevalent in opiate dependence, even during periods of remission, and likely contribute to relapse. Understanding the relationship between the two in vulnerable...

Authors: James M Prosser, Daniel Eisenberg, Emily E Davey, Matthew Steinfeld, Lisa J Cohen, Edythe D London and Igor I Galynker

Coming to terms with the nonmedical use of prescription medications

In this commentary we highlight limitations with the way nonmedical use of prescription medications has been measured in U.S. national studies. We also offer an alternative way of conceptualizing the nonmedica...

Authors: Carol J Boyd and Sean E McCabe

Conflict and user involvement in drug misuse treatment decision-making: a qualitative study

This paper examines client/staff conflict and user involvement in drug misuse treatment decision-making.

Authors: Jan Fischer, Joanne Neale, Michael Bloor and Nicholas Jenkins

Treatment of alcohol dependence in patients with co-morbid major depressive disorder – predictors for the outcomes with memantine and escitalopram medication

Alcohol dependence comorbid with major depressive disorder poses a major challenge in the clinical setting. The results in the treatment with selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors have been conflicting. Thu...

Authors: Leea H Muhonen, Jari Lahti, David Sinclair, Jouko Lönnqvist and Hannu Alho

Prevalence of nonmedical methamphetamine use in the United States

Illicit methamphetamine use continues to be a public health concern in the United States. The goal of the current study was to use a relatively inexpensive methodology to examine the prevalence and demographic...

Authors: Todd M Durell, Larry A Kroutil, Paul Crits-Christoph, Nina Barchha and David L Van Brunt

The moderating role of parental smoking on their children's attitudes toward smoking among a predominantly minority sample: a cross-sectional analysis

In general having a parent who smokes or smoked is a strong and consistent predictor of smoking initiation among their children while authoritative parenting style, open communication that demonstrates mutual ...

Authors: Anna V Wilkinson, Sanjay Shete and Alexander V Prokhorov

State policy influence on the early diffusion of buprenorphine in community treatment programs

Buprenorphine was approved for use in the treatment of opioid dependence in 2002, but its diffusion into everyday clinical practice in community-based treatment programs has been slow. This study examines the ...

Authors: Lori J Ducharme and Amanda J Abraham

A retrospective evaluation of patients switched from buprenorphine (subutex) to the buprenorphine/naloxone combination (suboxone)

In Finland, buprenorphine (Subutex) is the most abused opioid. In order to curb this problem, many treatment centres transferred ("forced transfer") their buprenorphine patients to the buprenorphine plus nalox...

Authors: Kaarlo Simojoki, Helena Vorma and Hannu Alho

Women's childhood and adult adverse experiences, mental health, and binge drinking: The California Women's Health Survey

This study examined sociodemographic, physical and mental health, and adult and childhood adverse experiences associated with binge drinking in a representative sample of women in the State of California.

Authors: Christine Timko, Anne Sutkowi, Joanne Pavao and Rachel Kimerling

Improvement in the pre-hospital care of recreational drug users through the development of club specific ambulance referral guidelines

Previously developed 'club guidelines' developed for club owners and promoters have tended to focus more on the legislative aspects of clubs, rather than the medical management of unwell clubbers within club e...

Authors: David M Wood, Shaun L Greene, Graham Alldus, Denise Huggett, Michelle Nicolaou, Kerry Chapman, Fionna Moore, Kim Heather, Nicola Drake and Paul I Dargan

A comparison of missing data methods for hypothesis tests of the treatment effect in substance abuse clinical trials: a Monte-Carlo simulation study

Missing data due to attrition are rampant in substance abuse clinical trials. However, missing data are often ignored in the presentation of substance abuse clinical trials. This paper demonstrates missing dat...

Authors: Sarra L Hedden, Robert F Woolson and Robert J Malcolm

Trends in prevalence of substance use among Icelandic adolescents, 1995–2006

Adolescent substance use continues to be of great global public health concern in many countries with advanced economies. Previous research has shown that substance use among 15–16 year-old-youth has increased...

Authors: Inga D Sigfusdottir, Alfgeir L Kristjansson, Thorolfur Thorlindsson and John P Allegrante

Police and public health partnerships: Evidence from the evaluation of Vancouver's supervised injection facility

In various settings, drug market policing strategies have been found to have unintended negative effects on health service use among injection drug users (IDU). This has prompted calls for more effective coord...

Authors: Kora DeBeck, Evan Wood, Ruth Zhang, Mark Tyndall, Julio Montaner and Thomas Kerr

Experience of road and other trauma by the opiate dependent patient: a survey report

Trauma plays an important role in the experience of many patients with substance use disorder, but is relatively under-studied particularly in Australia. The present survey examined the lifetime prevalence of ...

Authors: Albert S Reece

Capturing doping attitudes by self-report declarations and implicit assessment: A methodology study

Understanding athletes' attitudes and behavioural intentions towards performance enhancement is critical to informing anti-doping intervention strategies. Capturing the complexity of these attitudes beyond ver...

Authors: Andrea Petróczi, Eugene V Aidman and Tamás Nepusz

The NARCONON™ drug education curriculum for high school students: A non-randomized, controlled prevention trial

An estimated 13 million youths aged 12 to 17 become involved with alcohol, tobacco and other drugs annually. The number of 12- to 17-year olds abusing controlled prescription drugs increased an alarming 212 pe...

Authors: Richard D Lennox and Marie A Cecchini

Psychological drivers in doping: The life-cycle model of performance enhancement

Performance enhancement (PE) is a natural and essential ingredient of competitive sport. Except for nutritional supplement contamination, accidental use of doping is highly unlikely. It requires deliberation, ...

Authors: Andrea Petróczi and Eugene Aidman

High school drinking mediates the relationship between parental monitoring and college drinking: A longitudinal analysis

College drinking is a significant public health problem. Although parental monitoring and supervision reduces the risk for alcohol consumption among younger adolescents, few studies have investigated the impac...

Authors: Amelia M Arria, Vanessa Kuhn, Kimberly M Caldeira, Kevin E O'Grady, Kathryn B Vincent and Eric D Wish

Erratum: Magnesium treatment in alcoholics: a randomized clinical trial

Authors: Kari Poikolainen and Hannu Alho

Comparison of CO breath testing and women's self-reporting of smoking behaviour for identifying smoking during pregnancy

Healthcare services often use a carbon monoxide (CO) breath test to validate self-reported smoking and to assess reductions in smoking habit. A cut-off level of ≥ 8 parts per million (p.p.m.) is used to identi...

Authors: Zara C Usmani, Pauline Craig, Deborah Shipton and David Tappin

Risk factors for alcohol and other drug use by healthcare professionals

Given the increasingly stressful environment due to manpower shortages in the healthcare system in general, substance induced impairment among some healthcare professions is anticipated to grow. Though recent ...

Authors: George A Kenna and David C Lewis

Satisfaction with life and opioid dependence

Serious substance misuse and dependence is widely seen as damaging to an individual and to society in general. Whereas the medical and society effects of substance misuse are widely described, some commentator...

Authors: Jason Luty and Sujaa Mary Rajagopal Arokiadass

Magnesium treatment in alcoholics: A randomized clinical trial

Magnesium (Mg) deficiency is common among alcoholics. Earlier research suggests that Mg treatment may help to normalize elevated enzyme activities and some other clinically relevant parameters among alcoholics...

Authors: Kari Poikolainen and Hannu Alho

Cocaine treatment admissions at three sentinel sites in South Africa (1997–2006): findings and implications for policy, practice and research

Accurate prevalence data on cocaine use, that points to where problems exist and the extent of these problems, is necessary to guide the formulation of effective substance abuse policy and practice. The purpos...

Authors: Charles DH Parry, Andreas Plüddemann and Bronwyn J Myers

Occupational correlates of smoking among urban transit operators: A prospective study

Workers in blue-collar and service occupations smoke at higher rates than workers in white-collar and professional occupations. Occupational stress may explain some of the occupational class differences in smo...

Authors: Carol B Cunradi, Rob Lipton and Aniruddha Banerjee

Psychosocial and treatment correlates of opiate free success in a clinical review of a naltrexone implant program

There is on-going controversy in relation to the efficacy of naltrexone used for the treatment of heroin addiction, and the important covariates of that success. We were also interested to review our experienc...

Authors: AS Reece

Attitudes and doping: a structural equation analysis of the relationship between athletes' attitudes, sport orientation and doping behaviour

For effective deterrence methods, individual, systemic and situational factors that make an athlete or athlete group more susceptible to doping than others should be fully investigated. Traditional behavioural...

Authors: Andrea Petróczi

Mono- versus polydrug abuse patterns among publicly funded clients

To examine patterns of mono- versus polydrug abuse, data were obtained from intake records of 69,891 admissions to publicly funded treatment programs in Tennessee between 1998 and 2004. While descriptive stati...

Authors: Satish Kedia, Marie A Sell and George Relyea

The nonmedical use of prescription ADHD medications: results from a national Internet panel

Emerging evidence suggests that nonmedical use (NMU) of prescription attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medications is rising, but many previous investigations have used clinical or regionally bas...

Authors: Scott P Novak, Larry A Kroutil, Rick L Williams and David L Van Brunt

Factors that help injecting drug users to access and benefit from services: A qualitative study

International research shows that injecting drug users (IDUs) can encounter many barriers when they try to access drug treatment and other services. However, the existing literature is mostly quantitative and ...

Authors: Joanne Neale, Laura sheard and Charlotte NE Tompkins

Effects of perceived cocaine availability on subjective and objective responses to the drug

Several lines of evidence suggest that cocaine expectancy and craving are two related phenomena. The present study assessed this potential link by contrasting reactions to varying degrees of the drug's perceiv...

Authors: Rinah T Yamamoto, Katherine H Karlsgodt, David Rott, Scott E Lukas and Igor Elman

The prevalence and significance of substance use disorders in bipolar type I and II disorder

The aim of this paper is to provide a systematic review of the literature examining the epidemiology, outcome, and treatment of patients with bipolar disorder and co-occurring substance use disorders (SUDs). A...

Authors: Michael A Cerullo and Stephen M Strakowski

Policy on reintegration of women with histories of substance abuse: A mixed methods study of predictors of relapse and facilitators of recovery

The predominant U.S. policy approach toward individuals with substance abuse problems has relied on stigma and punishment by withholding access to education, cash assistance, housing, social support, and norma...

Authors: Nancy R VanDeMark

Cocaine and thrombosis: a narrative systematic review of clinical and in-vivo studies

To systematically review the literature pertaining to the link between cocaine and either arterial or venous thrombosis.

Authors: Nat MJ Wright, Matthew Martin, Tom Goff, John Morgan, Rebecca Elworthy and Shariffe Ghoneim

Characteristics of facilities with specialized programming for drinking drivers and for other criminal justice involved clients: analysis of a national database

Offering specialized programming at substance abuse treatment facilities can help diversify clientele and funding sources, potentially enhancing the facilities' ability to survive and/or expand. Past research ...

Authors: Cynthia L Arfken and Sheryl Pimlott Kubiak

When is a drug-related death not a drug-related death? Implications for current drug-related death policies in the UK and Europe

Drug-related death (DRD) figures, published by the national performance management framework, are used to monitor the performance of Drug (and Alcohol) Action Teams (D[A]ATs) in England and Wales with respect ...

Authors: Caryl M Beynon, Mark A Bellis, Elaine Church and Sue Neely

A cross-sectional study of personality traits in women previously treated or untreated for alcohol use disorders

A better understanding of the relationship between treatment-seeking for alcohol problems and personality traits could give useful insight in factors promoting or hindering treatment for alcohol use disorders ...

Authors: Anette Östlund, Gunnel Hensing, Annika Jakobsson, Valter Sundh and Fredrik Spak

Does higher cost mean better quality? evidence from highly-regarded adolescent drug treatment programs

We conducted a survey to examine whether reimbursement levels are associated with the quality of adolescent substance use treatment programs in the United States. Between March and September 2005, telephone an...

Authors: Bruce R Schackman, Erick G Rojas, Jeremy Gans, Mathea Falco and Robert B Millman

Prospective associations of social self-control with drug use among youth from regular and alternative high schools

This study examined the one year prospective associations between adolescent social self-control and drug outcomes (cigarette use, alcohol use, marijuana use, hard drug use, and problem drug use) among adolesc...

Authors: Pallav Pokhrel, Steve Sussman, Louise Ann Rohrbach and Ping Sun

Advising adolescents on the use of psychotropic medication: attitudes among medical and psychology students

There is evidence that medical students are more aware of the benefits of psychotropic treatment than are members of the general public, and that the more knowledge students acquire about psychiatry and pharma...

Authors: Michèle Baumann and Elisabeth Spitz

Deficit of circulating stem – progenitor cells in opiate addiction: a pilot study

A substantial literature describes the capacity of all addictive drugs to slow cell growth and potentiate apoptosis. Flow cytometry was used as a means to compare two lineages of circulating progenitor cells i...

Authors: Albert S Reece and Peter Davidson