Table 2 CFIR domains and constructs reported
Domain | Constructs reported | Construct focus | Construct status |
|---|---|---|---|
Domain 1: Intervention characteristics Intervention characteristics can be defined as ‘related to characteristics of the intervention being implemented’ [41] (p.3). | 1b: Adaptability | Elements which participants felt were essential for any DCS in Scotland, and those which they felt could be adapted to local need. | Existing CFIR construct |
Domain 2: Inner setting Inner Setting’ can be defined as ‘the features of the structural, political, and cultural contexts through which the implementation process will proceed’ [41] (p.7). | 2a: Available resources 2b: Networks and communication | Existing resources which could be leveraged to reduce the cost of implementation. The ways in which DCS could both leverage and improve existing communication networks to maximise the reach and public health impact of drug checking trend information and early warnings/alerts. | Existing CFIR construct Existing CFIR construct |
Domain 3: Outer setting Outer setting can be defined as the ‘economic, political and social context within which an organisation resides’ [41] (p.7). | 3a: Concerns over policing and criminalisation of people who use drugs 3b: Public and community attitudes | The concerns of participants with experience of drug use regarding the potential for being charged or subjected to surveillance when accessing DCS. Potential attitudes of both the wider public and those living in the vicinity of DCS. | Inductive/adapted construct Inductive/adapted construct |
Domain 4: Individuals The domain ‘individuals’ relates to ‘the individuals involved with the intervention and/or implementation process’ [41] (p.9). | 4a: Stage of change 4b: Staff skills, knowledge, and values | Indicators of demand for DCS amongst people who use drugs, and of staff willingness to be involved in implementing, delivering, and supporting such services. The skills, knowledge, and values required by DCS staff. | Existing CFIR construct Inductive/adapted construct |
Domain 5: Process Damschroder et al., describe the implementation process as one requiring ‘active change’ in an organisation or system to ensure that the intervention is implemented and operated as intended [41] (p.10). | 5a: Involving key stakeholders in planning and consultation 5b: Reflecting and evaluating | The stakeholders who should be involved in the early dialogue and planning around DCS. Piloting DCS and the need to evaluate services. | Inductive/adapted construct Existing CFIR construct |