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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the people who injected drugs included in the cohorts of Kerman and Tehran, Iran, 2018–2021 (N = 118)

From: Injection cessation and relapse to injection and the associated factors among people who inject drugs in Iran: The Rostam study

Variable

Kerman (n = 83)

Tehran (n = 35)

Total (n = 118)

P-value

 

N (%)

N (%)

N (%)

 

Age

    

Mean (standard deviation)

40.2 (9.2)

50.4 (11.4)

43.3 (10.8)

< 0.001

Gender

    

Women

11 (13.3)

1 (2.9)

12 (10.2)

0.088

Men

72 (86.7)

34 (97.1)

106 (89.8)

 

Education

    

High school or above

30 (36.1)

14 (41.2)

44 (37.6)

0.621

Less than high school

53 (63.9)

20 (58.8)

73 (62.4)

 

Monthly income

    

≥ 100 USD

55 (67.9)

14 (53.8)

69 (64.5)

0.046

< 100 USD

26 (32.1)

12 (46.2)

38 (35.5)

 

Living with spouse or partner

    

Yes

8 (9.6)

4 (11.8)

12 (10.2)

0.731

No

75 (90.4)

30 (88.2)

105 (89.8)

 

Incarceration (L3Ma)

    

Yes

14 (16.9)

0 (0.0)

14 (11.9)

0.010

No

69 (83.1)

35 (100.0)

104 (88.1)

 

Length of injection career

    

≤ 1 years

8 (10.7)

4 (12.1)

12 (11.1)

0.585

2–5 years

18 (24.0)

5 (15.2)

23 (21.3)

 

> 5 years

49 (65.3)

24 (72.7)

73 (67.6)

 

Received free needle/ syringes (L3Ma)

    

Yes

46 (80.7)

11 (50.0)

57 (72.2)

0.006

No

11 (19.3)

11 (50.0)

22 (27.8)

 

Receipt OAT (L3Ma)

    

Yes

73 (88.0)

7 (20.0)

80 (67.8)

< 0.001

No

10 (12.0)

28 (80.0)

38 (32.2)

 

Non-injection heroin use (L3Ma)

Yes

76 (91.6)

22 (62.9)

98 (83.0)

< 0.001

No

7 (8.4)

13 (37.1)

20 (17.0)

 

Non-injection methamphetamine use (L3Ma)

Yes

75 (90.4)

11 (31.4)

86 (72.9)

< 0.001

No

8 (9.6)

24 (68.6)

32 (27.1)

 

Injection heroin use (L3Ma)

Yes

48 (87.3)

12 (85.7)

60 (87.0)

0.877

No

7 (12.7)

2 (14.3)

9 (13.0)

 

Injection methamphetamine use (L3Ma)

Yes

8 (9.9)

24 (77.4)

32 (28.6)

< 0.001

No

73 (90.1)

7 (22.6)

80 (71.4)

 

Receptive shared injection (L3Ma)

Yes

3 (5.4)

2 (12.5)

5 (7.0)

0.332

No

52 (94.6)

14 (87.5)

66 (93.0)

 

Receptive shared injection equipment (L3Ma)

Yes

6 (11.1)

3 (18.7)

9 (12.9)

0.423

No

48 (88.9)

13 (81.3)

61 (87.1)

 

History of HIV test

    

Ever

40 (50.6)

13 (39.4)

53 (47.3)

0.277

Never

39 (49.4)

20 (60.6)

59 (52.7)

 

History of HCV test

    

Ever

6 (8.3)

6 (18.2)

12 (11.4)

0.141

Never

66 (91.7)

27 (81.8)

93 (88.6)

 
  1. a: Last 3 months
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Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy

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