Table 1 Overview of the survey questions and at which point they were measured during study participation

Changes in smoking cessation care

Did anything change with regard to smoking cessation care in your practice within the last three months, apart from the COVID-19 pandemic?

If yes: What changed?

- 3 months (Q2)

- 6 months (Q3)

Influence of COVID-19 on smoking cessation care

Does the COVID-19 pandemic currently affect smoking cessation care in your practice?

If yes: How is smoking cessation care currently affected?

Baseline (Q1)

Did the COVID-19 pandemic affect smoking cessation care in your practice within the last three months?

If yes: How did it affect smoking cessation care?

- 3 months (Q2)

- 6 months (Q3)

Self-efficacy with regard to AAC

Please indicate to what extent you agree with the following statements:

- I feel able to ask patients about smoking. (Ask)

- I feel able to advise patients who smoke to quit. (Advise)

- I feel able to proactively refer patients who smoke. (Connect)

n/a

3 months (Q2)

Motivation with regard to AAC

Please indicate to what extent you agree with the following statements:

- I feel motivated to ask patients about smoking. (Ask)

- I feel motivated to advise patients who smoke to quit. (Advise)

- I feel motivated to proactively refer patients who smoke. (Connect)

n/a

3 months (Q2)

Expectation with regard to AAC

Please indicate to what extent you agree with the following statements:

- I expect patients to react positively when I ask them about smoking. (Ask)

- I expect patients who smoke to react positively when I advise them to quit. (Advise)

- I expect patients who smoke to react positively when I proactively refer them. (Connect)

n/a

3 months (Q2)

Belief with regard to AAC

Please indicate to what extent you agree with the following statement: “I think Ask-Advise-Connect is a good method to reach patients with smoking cessation counselling.”

Please explain your answer

9 months (Q4)

Compliance with AAC agreements

n/a

To what extent are the agreements on Ask-Advise-Connect from the first PTAM complied with by you and your colleagues?

6 months (Q3)

Barriers with regard to AAC

Have you experienced any barriers in applying Ask-Advise-Connect within the last three months?

If yes: which barriers?

6 months (Q3)

Are there any barriers which you currently encounter when applying Ask-Advise-Connect?

If yes: which barriers?

9 months (Q4)

(Dis)advantages with regard to AAC

Do you think applying Ask-Advise-Connect provides advantages?

If yes: which advantages?

9 months (Q4)

Do you think applying Ask-Advise-Connect provides disadvantages?

If yes: which disadvantages?

9 months (Q4)

Ease of use with regard to AAC

Is it more common that Ask-Advise-Connect is easy or difficult for you to implement?

n/a

9 months (Q4)