Table 1 Characteristics of the included studies

Year of Publication

1970 – 1979

7

1980 – 1989

2

1990 – 1999

9

2000 – 2009

12

2010—2019

23

2020 onwards

1

Data collection methods

Quantitative

-In-person questionnaire

-Online questionnaire

-Postal questionnaire

-In-person and online questionnaires

47

31

9

6

1

Qualitative interviews

4

Mixed methods

3

Number of universities included*

1

34

2–4

3

5–9

7

10 + 

3

Not reported

7

Location of university

England

24

Wales

4

Scotland

4

Northern Ireland

0

Republic of Ireland

10

Great Britain

4

UK (Great Britain & Northern Ireland)

3

Not reported

5

Degree level

100% undergraduate

22

Mixed undergraduate and graduate

8

Nor reported

24

% of sample female

30–39

3

40–49

10

50–59

12

60–69

11

70–79

6

80–89

2

Not reported

10

% response rate

0–19

5

20–39

4

40–59

3

60–79

11

80–100

14

Not applicable

4

Not reported

13