| Lawyers | Insurance medical experts | Addiction-specialist therapists | pBHc | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M (SD) | Mdn | M (SD) | Mdn | M (SD) | Mdn | Â | |
Disease view | |||||||
 Alcohol dependence is a disease | 4.79 (0.42) | 5.0 | 4.71 (0.46) | 5.0 | 4.93 (0.25) | 5.0 | .110 |
 Alcohol dependence is a disease like cancer: you cannot help having it | 2.82 (1.19) | 3.0 | 3.13 (1.11) | 3.0 | 3.67 (1.30) | 4.0 | .066 |
 Alcohol dependence is best understood as a disease of the brain | 2.93 (1.09) | 3.0 | 3.30 (1.13) | 3.5 | 3.67 (1.30) | 4.0 | .104 |
 Alcohol dependence is a disease of the psyche | 3.96 (0.79) | 4.0 | 3.95 (0.74) | 4.0 | 4.47 (0.63) | 5.0 | .052 |
Moralist/choice view | |||||||
 Alcohol dependence is an expression of weakness of character | 1.86 (1.01) | 2.0 | 1.43 (0.60) | 1.0 | 1.20 (0.61) | 1.0 | .008 |
 Alcohol dependence is an expression of weakness of will | 2.18 (1.16) | 2.0 | 1.62 (1.02) | 1.0 | 1.30 (0.84) | 1.0 | .003 |
 A person with alcohol dependence lacks self-discipline | 2.32 (1.06) | 2.0 | 1.86 (1.01) | 2.0 | 1.67 (1.03) | 1.0 | .027 |
On- and offset responsibility | |||||||
 A person with alcohol dependence is responsible for the development of his/her addiction | 2.46 (1.11) | 2.5 | 2.20 (1.06) | 2.0 | 1.87 (0.94) | 2.0 | .208 |
 A person with alcohol dependence is responsible for managing their own addiction | 2.29 (1.30) | 2.0 | 2.14 (1.11) | 2.0 | 2.60 (1.38) | 3.0 | .480 |
Treatment-related views | |||||||
 A person with alcohol dependence can be treated successfully | 4.07 (0.73) | 4.0 | 4.24 (0.83) | 4.0 | 4.53 (0.73) | 5.0 | .081 |
 In principle, withdrawal is reasonable for a person with alcohol dependence | 3.96 (0.71) | 4.0 | 3.86 (0.66) | 4.0 | 3.87 (0.82) | 4.0 | .866 |
 The goal of an intervention for alcohol dependence should always be abstinence | 2.93 (1.12) | 3.0 | 2.76 (1.45) | 3.0 | 1.90 (1.19) | 1.5 | .036 |
 When a person with alcohol dependence goes through withdrawal, this leads to a permanent improvement of their ability to work | 3.36 (1.10) | 4.0 | 3.05 (0.92) | 3.0 | 2.73 (1.02) | 3.0 | .082 |