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Table 2 Number of correct ALPHA answers per question

From: Knowledge and experience of Kazakhstan athletes in anti-doping and the impact of past educational intervention

ALPHA questionnaire

All (N = 590)

No

Questions

Number of correct answers

(n)

(%)

1

How can an athlete with a medical condition decide whether to take a medication?

411

69.7

2

What are the athlete’s rights when a positive test is returned?

334

56.6

3

What are the side effects of using anabolic steroids?

348

59.0

4

What condition allows an athlete to refuse to be tested?

561

95.1

5

What does TUE stand for?

436

73.9

6

What is the philosophy behind anti-doping?

143

24.2

7

What is the Prohibited List?

488

82.7

8

What is the purpose of the World Anti-Doping Code?

296

50.2

9

What is the requirement for laboratories that analyze blood or urine samples for doping control?

433

73.4

10

When do athletes have to tell their National Anti-Doping Organization where they will be living, training and competing?

386

65.4

11

When must an athlete be notified of an upcoming test?

338

57.3

12

Who is responsible for the substances found in an athlete’s body?

445

75.4