Table 4 ICD-11 classification for different conditions (World Health Organisation, 2019)

BA41

Acute myocardial infarction

The term acute myocardial infarction (MI) should be used when there is evidence of myocardial necrosis in a clinical setting consistent with acute myocardial ischemia. Under these conditions any one of the following criteria meets the diagnosis for MI; Detection of a rise and/or fall of cardiac biomarker values with at least one value above the 99th percentile upper reference limit (URL) and with at least one of the following: a. Symptoms of ischaemia. b. New or presumed new significant ST-segment-T wave (ST-T) changes or new left bundle branch block (LBBB). c. Development of pathologic Q waves in the ECG. d. Imaging evidence of new loss of viable myocardium or new regional wall motion abnormality. e. Identification of an intracoronary thrombus by angiography or autopsy. Infarction of any myocardial site, occurring within 4 weeks (28 days) from onset of a previous infarction (WHO)

MC82

Cardiac Arrest

A sudden, sometimes temporary, cessation of heart function resulting in hemodynamic collapse.

MC81.0

Tachycardia, unspecified

BA80

Coronary atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis is the build up inside the coronary arteries of cholesterol, fatty acids, calcium, fibrous connective tissue and cells (mostly macrophages), referred to as plaque. The effect of this is to reduce the blood flow through the coronary arteries to heart muscle and when marked results in heart damage often with symptoms such as chest pain.

MC80.0Z

Elevated blood-pressure reading, without diagnosis of hypertension, unspecified

This category is to be used to record an episode of elevated blood pressure in a patient in whom no formal diagnosis of hypertension has been made, or as an isolated incidental finding.

BC64

Sudden arrhythmic death syndrome

MD20

Epistaxis

Bleeding from the nose

DA08.0

Dental Caries

A condition characterised by localised destruction of calcified tissue, initiated on the tooth surface by decalcification of the enamel, followed by the enzymatic lysis of organic structures, resulting in cavity formation.

CA0D

Deviated nasal septum

MD30

Pain in throat or chest

Pain in throat and chest means having pain sensation in throat or chest. Throat is a tube that carries food to oesophagus and air to windpipe and larynx. The technical name for throat is pharynx.

PD3Z

Intentional self-harm, unspecified

6C45

Disorders due to use of cocaine

Disorders due to use of cocaine are characterised by the pattern and consequences of cocaine use. In addition to Cocaine intoxication, cocaine has dependence-inducing properties, resulting in Cocaine dependence in some people and Cocaine withdrawal when use is reduced or discontinued. Cocaine is implicated in a wide range of harms affecting most organs and systems of the body, which may be classified as Single episode of harmful use of cocaine and Harmful pattern of use of cocaine. Harm to others resulting from behaviour during Cocaine intoxication is included in the definitions of Harmful use of cocaine. Several cocaine-induced mental disorders are recognised.

6C45.2

Cocaine dependence

Cocaine dependence is a disorder of regulation of cocaine use arising from repeated or continuous use of cocaine. The characteristic feature is a strong internal drive to use cocaine, which is manifested by impaired ability to control use, increasing priority given to use over other activities and persistence of use despite harm or negative consequences. These experiences are often accompanied by a subjective sensation of urge or craving to use cocaine. Physiological features of dependence may also be present, including tolerance to the effects of cocaine, withdrawal symptoms following cessation or reduction in use of cocaine, or repeated use of cocaine or pharmacologically similar substances to prevent or alleviate withdrawal symptoms. The features of dependence are usually evident over a period of at least 12 months but the diagnosis may be made if cocaine use is continuous (daily or almost daily) for at least 1 month.

6C45.6

Cocaine-induced psychotic disorder

Cocaine-induced psychotic disorder is characterised by psychotic symptoms (e.g., delusions, hallucinations, disorganised thinking, grossly disorganised behaviour) that develop during or soon after intoxication with or withdrawal from cocaine. The intensity or duration of the symptoms is substantially in excess of psychotic-like disturbances of perception, cognition, or behaviour that are characteristic of Cocaine intoxication or Cocaine withdrawal. The amount and duration of cocaine use must be capable of producing psychotic symptoms. The symptoms are not better explained by a primary mental disorder (e.g., Schizophrenia, a Mood disorder with psychotic symptoms), as might be the case if the psychotic symptoms preceded the onset of the cocaine use, if the symptoms persist for a substantial period of time after cessation of the cocaine use or withdrawal, or if there is other evidence of a pre-existing primary mental disorder with psychotic symptoms (e.g., a history of prior episodes not associated with cocaine use).

6C45.7

Certain specified cocaine-induced mental or behavioural disorders

MB24.3

Anxiety

Apprehensiveness or anticipation of future danger or misfortune accompanied by a feeling of worry, distress, or somatic symptoms of tension. The focus of anticipated danger may be internal or external.

MB23.H

Panic attack

A discrete episode of intense fear or apprehension accompanied by the rapid and concurrent onset of a number of characteristic symptoms. These symptoms may include, but are not limited to, palpitations or increased heart rate, sweating, trembling, sensations of shortness of breath, feelings of choking, chest pain, nausea or abdominal distress, feelings of dizziness or light-headedness, chills or hot flushes, tingling or lack of sensation in extremities (i.e., paraesthesia’s), depersonalization or derealization, fear of losing control or going mad, and fear of imminent death. Panic attacks can appear out of the blue or can be triggered by particular situations.

MB24.C

Irritability

A mood state characterised by being easily annoyed and provoked to anger, out of proportion to the circumstances.

MD90

Nausea or vomiting

Nausea is the feeling of having an urge to vomit. Vomiting is forcing the contents of the stomach up through the oesophagus and out of the mouth.

MB24.5

Depressed mood

Negative affective state characterised by low mood, sadness, emptiness, hopelessness, or dejection

MB24.1

Anger

An emotional state related to one’s psychological interpretation of having been threatened that may range in intensity from mild irritation to intense fury and rage.

DA02.1

Xerostomia

Dry mouth. This may result from many causes including dehydration, salivary gland dysfunction, suppression of saliva production by drugs (e.g., anticholinergics) or habitual mouth-breathing.

8A80

Migraine

A primary headache disorder, in most cases episodic. Disabling attacks lasting 4–72 h are characterised by moderate or severe headache, usually accompanied by nausea, vomiting and/or photophobia and phonophobia, and sometimes preceded by a short-lasting aura of unilateral fully-reversible visual, sensory or other central nervous system symptoms. In a small minority of cases headache, but not necessarily the associated symptoms, becomes very frequent, with loss of episodicity.

MB24.9

Euphoria

An exaggerated feeling of physical and emotional well-being and vitality.

8A6Z

Epilepsy or seizures, unspecified

At least 2 unprovoked (or reflex) seizures occurring more than 24 h apart.

8B20

Stroke

Fulfils criteria for stroke in that acute symptoms of focal brain injury that have lasted 24 h or more (or led to death before 24 h), but subtype of stroke (ischemic or haemorrhagic) has not been determined by neuroimaging or other techniques.

5C70.0

Dehydration

Dehydration occurs when there is an insufficient amount or excessive loss of water in the body. This can be caused by vomiting, diarrhoea, fever, use of diuretics, profuse sweating, or decreased water intake.

XM0BC6

Cocaine topical anaesthetic

4B00.0

Neutropenia