Table 4 Associations between alcohol consumption during pregnancy, and some maternal characteristics and adverse fetal outcomes at public health facilities in Gondar town, Northwest, Ethiopia, 2020

 15–24

91(16.58)

458(83.42)

1

1

44(8.01)

505(91.99)

1

1

 25–34

108(10.61)

910(89.39)

0.64(0.49, 0.83)

0.80(0.59,1.08)

48(4.72)

970(95.28)

0.59(0.40, 0.87)

0.68(0.43,1.07)

  ≥ 35

14(11.76)

105(89.24)

0.71(0.42, 1.20)

0.89(0.47,1.67)

10(8.40)

109(91.60)

1.05(0.54, 2.02)

0.98(0.40,2.20)

 No formal education

40(10.93)

326(89.07)

0.94(0.64, 1.57)

1.50(1.01,2.23)

35(9.56)

331(90.44)

2.32(1.38,3.92)

1.45(0.78,2.68)

 Primary education

40(16.19)

207(83.81)

1.40(0.97, 2.03)

1.34(0.92,1.94)

18(7.29)

229(92.71)

1.77(0.96, 3.26)

0.98(0.49,1.99)

 Secondary education

74(13.14)

489(86.86)

1.14(0.82, 1.57)

1.44(0.92,2.25)

28(4.97)

535(95.03)

1.21(0.69, 2.10)

0.80(0.43,1.48)

 Tertiary education

59(11.57)

451(88.43)

1

1

21(4.12)

489(95.88)

1

1

 Merchant

19(13.97)

117(86.03)

1

1

10(2.62)

372(97.38)

1

1

 Housewife

56(20.97)

211(79.03)

1.44(1.02,2.02)

1.83(0.83,1.68)

69(8.78)

709(91.13)

3.39(1.77,6.50)

2.87(1.47,5.62)

 Employed in any organization

20(13.07)

133(86.93)

1.05(0.70,1.60)

0.92(0.59,1.43)

14(3.67)

367(96.33)

1.40(0.63,3.12)

1.40(0.61,3.24)

 Others

5(17.86)

23(82.14)

1.28(0.77,2.15)

1.09(0.64,1.84)

9(6.21)

136(93.79)

2.37(0.98,5.72)

1.98(0.97,2.34)

 Poorest

39(11.17)

310(88.83)

1

1

–

–

–

–

 Poor

54(15.74)

289(84.26)

1.4(0.96, 2.07)

1.26(0.86,1.85)

–

–

–

–

 Middle

20(6.35)

295(93.65)

0.57(0.34, 0.95)

0.57(0.34,0.96)

–

–

–

–

 Rich

49(14.37)

292(85.63)

1.29(0.87, 1.91)

1.23(0.84,1.83)

–

–

–

–

 Richest

51(15.09)

287(84.91)

1.35(0.91, 1.99)

1.05(0.69,1.59)

–

–

–

–

 1–2

97(15.09)

546(84.91)

1

1

50(7.78)

593(92.22)

1

1

 3–4

94(10.99)

761(88.01)

0.73(0.56, 0.95)

1.86(1.24,2.80)

38(4.58)

817(95.56)

0.57(0.38, 0.86)

0.73(0.34,1.57)

 5 and above

22(11.70)

166(88.30)

0.76(0.50, 1.19)

2.21(1.21,4.00)

14(7.45)

174(92.55)

0.96(0.54, 1.69)

1.00(0.33,3.01)

 Nulliparous

113(16.97)

553(83.03)

1.73(1.35,2.22)

2.53(1.68,3.82)

–

–

–

–

 Multiparous

100(9.8)

920(90.20)

1

1

–

–

–

–

 No child yet

–

–

–

–

51(7.50)

629(92.50)

1

1

 1–2

–

–

–

–

38(4.58)

792(95.42)

0.61(0.41, 0.92)

0.96(0.43,2.12)

  ≥ 3

–

–

–

–

13(7.39)

163(92.61)

0.98(0.55, 1.76)

1.06(0.33,3.41)

 Planned

176(12.07)

1282(87.93)

1

1

–

–

–

–

 Un planned

37(16.23)

191(83.77)

1.34(0.97,1.86)

1.23(0.89,1.71)

–

–

–

–

 Yes

–

–

–

–

14(8.59)

149(91.41)

1.50(0.87, 2.55)

1.97(1.14,3.39)

 No

–

–

–

–

88(5.78)

1435(94.22)

1

1

 Hazardous

30(25.86)

86(74.14)

2.52(1.77, 3.59)

2.34(1.66, 3.30)

15(12.93)

101(87.07)

2.34(1.38, 3.98)

2.06(1.21,3.52)

 Non- hazardous

68(15.18)

380(84.82)

1.48(1.12, 1.96)

1.50(1.31,1.98)

25(5.58)

423(94.42)

1.01(0.64, 1.59)

1.03(0.66,1.62)

 Non-drinker

115(10.25)

1007(89.75)

1

1

62(5.53)

1060(94.47)

1

1

 Male

–

–

–

–

62(7.64)

750(92.36)

1

1

 Female

–

–

–

–

40(4.58)

834(95.42)

1.67(1.13,2.45)

1.55(1.05,2.27)

 Yes

48(19.35)

200(80.65)

1.69(1.26, 2.26)

1.65(1.24,2.21)

–

–

–

–

 No

163(11.47)

1258(88.53)

1

1

–

–

–

–

 Yes

37(9.05)

372(90.95)

1

1

–

–

–

–

 No

176(13.78)

1101(86.22)

1.52(1.09, 2.13)

1.32(0.94,1.84)

–

–

–

–

  < 22 cm

48(18.75)

208(81.25)

1.63(1.21, 2.18)

1.47(1.09,1.97)

24(8.98)

232(90.63)

1.72(1.11, 2.66)

1.51(0.97,2.34)

  ≥ 22 cm

165(11.54)

1265(88.46)

1

1

78(5.45)

1352(94.55)

1

1