Table 1 Translation procedure according to Wild and colleagues’ [45] guidelines
Procedure | Description |
|---|---|
Preparations | The literature was searched for Norwegian translations and the originator of RSA was informed about the research project |
Forward translation | RSA was translated from US English to Norwegian by two native Norwegian speakers with clinical and research experience in mental health and SUD |
Revise | The forward-translation was adapted to the Norwegian inpatient SUD treatment setting in terms of language, culture and organisation of health services |
Back translation | The forward-translation was back-translated from Norwegian to US English by a professional translator with no knowledge of the original instrument |
Review | The back-translation was reviewed and compared to the original instrument |
Harmonization | The authors discussed differences in the original- and back translated versions in terms of conceptual correspondence and adjusted the forward-translated version |
External assessment | Clinicians completed the instrument and commented on wording, concepts, understandability and relevance of the included items |
Adjustment | The translated version was adjusted according to feedback from the clinicians |
External assessment and proofreading | NGO-representatives commented on language, concepts, understandability, relevance of the instrument and proofread the instrument |
Adjustment and finalisation | The adjusted translation was finalised according to feedback from the NGO-representatives |