Fixed effects | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Effect estimate | Time trend (per year) | |||
Estimate (95% CI) | p-value | Slope (95% CI) | p-value | |
FSS-9 sum score | 42 (26–58) | < .001 | 3.6 (−23.5–30.7) | 0.792 |
Female | 4.1 (1.3–7.0) | 0.005 | −0.3 (−4.5–3.8) | 0.877 |
Age per 10 years1) | 0.2 (−1.0–1.4) | 0.755 | −0.2 (− 2.1–1.7) | 0.844 |
Educational level | − 1.1 (− 2.6–0.3) | 0.132 | −0.3 (− 2.3–1.7) | 0.754 |
Unstable housing situation | 0.0 (−3.7–3.7) | 0.992 | 2.6 (− 3.6–8.8) | 0.408 |
Debt difficulties | 2.9 (0.4–5.3) | 0.022 | −0.2 (− 3.8–3.3) | 0.898 |
Injecting substance use | −0.1 (− 2.9–2.7) | 0.944 | −0.7 (− 4.6–3.3) | 0.740 |
Frequent use of substances | ||||
Benzodiazepines | 5.7 (3.0–8.4) | < .001a | −4.4 (−8.2 – − 0.7) | 0.021 |
Alcohol | 1.8 (−1.1–4.6) | 0.221 | 0.6 (−3.5–4.7) | 0.776 |
Cannabis | 1.2 (− 1.4–3.8) | 0.356 | 1.8 (− 1.7–5.3) | 0.309 |
Opioids | 3.3 (− 0.3–6.9) | 0.069 | −4.6 (− 10.8–1.7) | 0.149 |
Stimulants2) | − 5.0 (− 8.0– − 2.0) | 0.001 a | 2.1 (− 2.1–6.3) | 0.327 |
Chronic infectious diseases | ||||
Hepatitis B virus infection | 3.3 (− 10.4–16.9) | 0.638 | −2.6 (− 16.8–11.5) | 0.715 |
Hepatitis C virus infection | ||||
- Detected | 3.0 (− 5.4–11.4) | 0.484 | 0.7 (− 18.7–20.1) | 0.941 |
- Low vs. high viral load | − 0.4 (− 10.3–10.9) | 0.948 | − 7.0 (− 17.1–3.0) | 0.169 |
HIV | − 0.1 (− 15.3–15.5) | 0.994 | 13.0 (− 6.8–32.7) | 0.197 |
Liver stiffness | ||||
Transient elastography per 10 kPa | 1.2 (−1.6–4.0) | 0.391 | −5.5 (− 9.9 – − 1.0) | 0.016 |
APRI score per 1 unit | 0.5 (− 0.6–1.5) | 0.378 | 1.4 (− 0.9–3.6) | 0.230 |
Hematologic and biochemical blood samples (continuous variables) | ||||
Hemoglobin per 1 unit (g/dL) | −0.3 (− 1.1–0.6) | 0.513 | 0.3 (− 0.9–1.5) | 0.622 |
eGFR per 30 units (ml/min/1.73m2) | 0.0 (− 2.0–0.9) | 0.453 | 0.0 (− 2.0–1.9) | 0.973 |
CRP per 10 units (ml/L) | −0.1 (− 0.6–0.7) | 0.848 | 0.0 (− 0.1–0.2) | 0.682 |