Table 2 Univariable and multivariable analyses of factors associated with different forms of alcohol use among the college students
Factor | Current drinking | Binge drinking | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | |||||||||
OR | 95%CI | p-value | AOR | 95%CI | p-value | OR | 95%CI | p-value | AOR | 95%CI | p-value | |
Age (years) | ||||||||||||
 ≤ 20 | 1.00 |  |  |  |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |  |  |  |
 > 20 | 0.84 | 0.53–0.32 | 0.444 |  |  |  | 0.95 | 0.59–1.54 | 0.838 |  |  |  |
Sex | ||||||||||||
 Male | 1.00 |  |  |  |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |  |  |  |
 Female | 1.23 | 0.77–1.95 | 0.389 |  |  |  | 0.69 | 0.42–1.10 | 0.687 |  |  |  |
Year of study | ||||||||||||
 First Year | 1.00 |  |  |  |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |  |  |  |
 Second year | 1.21 | 0.66–2.21 | 0.540 |  |  |  | 1.07 | 0.57–2.02 | 0.822 |  |  |  |
 Third year | 0.93 | 0.51–1.69 | 0.825 |  |  |  | 1.03 | 0.56–1.90 | 0.926 |  |  |  |
Residence | ||||||||||||
 Living with parents | 1.00 |  |  |  |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |  |  |  |
 College dormitory | 1.39 | 0.76–2.52 | 0.285 |  |  |  | 0.71 | 0.39–1.27 | 0.254 |  |  |  |
Household income (Ngultrum) | ||||||||||||
 Low income (< 164,829) | 1.79 | 1.05–3.04 | 0.032* | 2.59 | 1.29–5.21 | 0.007* | 1.00 |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |
 High income (≥164,829) | 1.00 |  |  | 1.00 |  |  | 3.07 | 1.86–5.08 | < 0.001* | 3.03 | 1.72–5.31 | < 0.001* |
Tobacco use | ||||||||||||
 Yes | 1.00 |  |  | 1.00 |  |  | 2.60 | 1.59–4.25 | < 0.001* | 2.28 | 1.35–3.87 | 0.002* |
 No | 2.65 | 1.59–4.24 | < 0.001* | 6.99 | 2.90–16.81 | < 0.001* | 1.00 |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |
Drug use | ||||||||||||
 Yes | 1.24 | 0.54–2.84 | 0.604 |  |  |  | 1.87 | 0.82–4.24 | 0.135 |  |  |  |
 No | 1.00 |  |  |  |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |  |  |  |
Father’s education | ||||||||||||
 No formal education | 1.00 |  |  |  |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |  |  |  |
 Primary education | 1.11 | 0.61–2.01 | 0.741 |  |  |  | 1.28 | 0.65–2.56 | 0.469 |  |  |  |
 Secondary education | 0.83 | 0.40–1.69 | 0.602 |  |  |  | 0.81 | 0.38–1.71 | 0.576 |  |  |  |
 Higher education | 1.09 | 0.54–2.20 | 0.799 |  |  |  | 2.21 | 1.22–4.01 | 0.009* |  |  |  |
Mother’s education | ||||||||||||
 No formal education | 1.00 |  |  |  |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |  |  |  |
 Primary education | 0.61 | 0.32–0.18 | 0.142 |  |  |  | 1.27 | 0.65–2.46 | 0.48 |  |  |  |
 Secondary education | 1.23 | 0.56–2.28 | 0.736 |  |  |  | 2.19 | 1.09–4.41 | 0.028* |  |  |  |
 Higher education | 0.79 | 0.31–2.00 | 0.619 |  |  |  | 3.10 | 1.28–7.50 | 0.012* |  |  |  |
Parents drinking | ||||||||||||
 Yes | 0.82 | 0.52–1.29 | 0.395 |  |  |  | 1.76 | 1.06–2.91 | 0.029* | 1.75 | 1.02–3.01 | (0.042*) |
 No | 1.00 |  |  |  |  |  | 1.00 |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |
 Having close friend who use alcohol |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 Yes | 1.00 |  |  | 1.00 |  |  | 3.08 | 1.48–6.40 | 0.003* | 2.26 | 1.05–4.87 | (0.038*) |
 No | 3.26 | 1.78–5.98 | < 0.001* | 5.14 | 3.04–8.69 | < 0.001* | 1.00 |  |  | 1.00 |  |  |