Recent changes in trends of opioid overdose deaths in North America

Table 2 Correlations between defined daily doses for statistical purposes per million inhabitants per day of prescription opioids and overdose deaths

Country and province	Data availability	Pearson correlation coefficient: pre-change in S-DDD of prescription opioids^a			Pearson correlation coefficient: post change in S-DDD of prescription opioids^b
Country and province	Data availability	Estimate	(95% CIs)	P value	Estimate	(95% CIs)	P value
Canada
Ontario^c,d	2003–2015	0.922	(0.553, 0.988)	0.003	0.760	(−0.135, 0.972)	0.080
British Columbia^c,e	2001–2015	−0.288	(−0.799, 0.465)	0.452	0.730	(−0.200, 0.968)	0.100
United States^d	2001–2015	0.989	(0.957, 0.997)	< 0.001	−0.985	(−1.00, − 0.442)	0.002

^aPre-change in consumption levels of prescription opioids was 2001 to 2011 in the United States, 2003 to 2009 in Ontario and 2001 to 2009 in British Columbia, as determined by the break point analyses
^bPost change in consumption levels of prescription opioids was 2012 to 2015 in United States, 2010 to 2015 in Ontario and 2010 to 2015 in British Columbia, as determined by the break point analyses
^cDefined daily doses data for statistical purposes per million inhabitants per day are not province-specific
^dOverdose deaths are due to opioid use
^eOverdose deaths are due to illicit drug use

ISSN: 1747-597X