Skip to main content

Table 2 Descriptive statistics for Socio-ecological Model levels and hookah consumption

From: Determinants of hookah smoking among men in the coffee houses: an application of socio-ecological approach

Ā 

Mean (SD)

Once a week or less

More than once a week

Once per day

More than once per day

P-value

personal level

ā€ƒPerceived sensitivity

19.98 (3.90)

12.1Ā Ā±Ā 1.2

12.1Ā Ā±Ā 1.2

12.4Ā Ā±Ā 2.7

12.3Ā Ā±Ā 2.6

0.73

ā€ƒPerceived Severity

9.56 (2.78)

25.7Ā Ā±Ā 2.7

24.3Ā Ā±Ā 3.0

26.3Ā Ā±Ā 3.7

25.8Ā Ā±Ā 3.2

0.001

Inter-personal Level

ā€ƒPerceived reward

23.60 (5.72)

32.3Ā Ā±Ā 5.9

37.1Ā Ā±Ā 4.4

31.7Ā Ā±Ā 5.3

32.4Ā Ā±Ā 5.1

<ā€‰0.001

Social level

ā€ƒSocial support

36.59 (6.28)

36.8Ā Ā±Ā 4.0

34.9Ā Ā±Ā 4.5

36.9Ā Ā±Ā 6.0

37.4Ā Ā±Ā 6.5

0.02

  1. *SEA Socio-ecological Approach