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Table 2 Annual and cumulative estimated HCV treatment uptake in Norway and Sweden among OAT patients 2014–2017

From: Uptake and predictors of direct-acting antiviral treatment for hepatitis C among people receiving opioid agonist therapy in Sweden and Norway: a drug utilization study from 2014 to 2017

 

2014

2015

2016

2017

Country

Norway

Sweden

Norway

Sweden

Norway

Sweden

Norway

Sweden

HCV treatment n (overall)

148

54

178

105

216

124

378

124

Study population n,

6057

2663

6005

2640

5537

2683

5545

2739

HCV treatment % (95% CI)

2.4 (2.1–2.8)

2.0 (1.5–2.6)

3.0 (2.5–3.4)

4.0 (3.2–4.7)

3.9 (3.4–4.4)

4.6 (3.8–5.4)

6.8 (6.2–7.5)

4.5 (3.8–5.3)

Expected proportion of OAT patients who are not PWID, na

303

133

300

132

276

134

277

137

Expected Anti-HCV, weighted by PWID status, nb

4651

2075

4612

2057

4252

2091

4258

2135

Expected chronic HCV after spontaneous clearance, n (UI)c

3442 (3303–3628)

1536 (1474–1619)

3413 (3274–3597)

1523 (1461–1605)

3147 (3019–3317)

1547 (1485–1631)

3151 (3023–3321)

1580 (1516–1665)

Expected chronic HCV after treatment, n (UI)

3294 (3155–3480)

1482 (1420–1565)

3235 (3096–3419)

1418 (1356–1500)

2931 (2803–3101)

1423 (1361–1507)

2773 (2645–2943)

1456 (1392–1541)

Expected chronic HCV after spontaneous clerance and treatment, % (UI)

54.4 (52.1–57.5)

55.6 (53.3–58.8)

53.9 (51.6–56.9)

53.7 (51.4–56.8)

52.9 (50.6–56.0)

53.1 (50.7–56.2)

50.0 (47.7–53.1)

53.1 (50.8–56.3)

Estimated HCV treatment uptake % (UI)

4.5 (4.3–4.7)

3.6 (3.5–3.8)

5.5 (5.2–5.7)

7.4 (7.0–7.7)

7.4 (7.0–7.7)

8.7 (8.2–9.1)

13.6 (12.8–14.3)

8.5 (8.0–8.9)

Estimated HCV cumulative treatment uptake % (UI)

4.5 (4.3–4.7)

3.6 (3.5–3.8)

10.0 (9.5–10.4)

11.1 (10.5–11.5)

17.4 (16.4–18.1)

19.8 (18.7–20.7)

31.0 (29.3–32.4)

28.3 (26.7–29.6)

  1. Sources: The Swedish Prescribed Drug Register (SPDR), The Norwegian Prescription Database (NorPD), Intro-HCV = Integrated treatment of hepatitis C study, Kåberg et al. [24]: Prevalence of hepatitis C and pre-testing awareness of hepatitis C status in 1500 consecutive PWID participants at the Stockholm needle exchange program
  2. Micallef et al. [27]: Spontaneous viral clearance following acute hepatitis C infection: a systematic review of longitudinal studies.
  3. OAT Opioid agonist therapy, HCV Hepatitis C virus infection, CI Confidence interval, UI Uncertainty interval
  4. Anti-HCV Antibodies to hepatitis C virus, PWID People who inject drugs
  5. aExpected non-PWIDs among OAT patients set to 5%
  6. bExpected Anti-HCV among PWID in Norway 80.8%, expected Anti-HCV among PWID in Sweden 82%, expected Anti-HCV among non-PWID in both Norway and Sweden is 0.7%
  7. cExpected spontaneous clearance 26% (22–29%)
  8. For more comprehensive details on sources and model calculation, see Additional file 1