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Table 2 Hookah use social context and alcohol and marijuana use by hookah use patterns (never, exclusive and dual/poly hookah users) (N = 2460)

From: Hookah use patterns, social influence and associated other substance use among a sample of New York City public university students

 

Total

(N = 2460)

Never Users

(n = 1447)

Current users (n = 312)

Exclusive use

(n = 219)

Dual/Poly use

(n = 93)

P-Valuea

Perceived Disapproval of Hookah Smokingb

    

0.008

 Yes

1576 (63.5)

1076 (67.3)

102 (7.0)

28 (1.7)

 

 No

865 (35.7)

363 (42.2)

116 (13.9)

65 (7.2)

 

Close friends use of hookahc

    

0.042

 0–2

1637 (65.9)

1086 (65.7)

70 (4.6)

35 (2.2)

 

 3–4

317 (13.0)

146 (45.8)

48 (15.5)

28 (8.7)

 

 5

322 (13.6)

92 (28.3)

96 (31.3)

28 (8.0)

 

Past Year Binge Drinkingd

    

0.0001

 No

1352 (55.2)

707 (51.8)

151 (11.9)

47 (3.5)

 

 Yes

279 (12.0)

88 (33.2)

32 (12.2)

38 (12.0)

 

Past Year Marijuana use

    

0.0001

 No

2005 (81.0)

1322 (65.2)

163 (8.8)

46 (2.3)

 

 Yes

413 (17.4)

101 (25.0)

55 (13.4)

44 (10.1)

 
  1. Row percentages do not add up to 100% as the category of ever hookah users and current other tobacco users (n = 658) and missing responses (n = 43) are not included in the table
  2. aChi-square test between exclusive hookah users vs. dual/poly hookah users
  3. bDisapproval by people who are important to the respondent “People who are important to you believe that you should not smoke hookah”
  4. cClose friends use of hookah was defined as the friends that you spend time with on a regular basis
  5. dBinge drinking is reported among students with reported past 12-month history of alcohol drinking