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Table 1 Socio-demographic characteristics of the sample by hookah use patterns (never, exclusive and Dual/Poly hookah users) (N = 2460)

From: Hookah use patterns, social influence and associated other substance use among a sample of New York City public university students

 

Total

(N = 2460)

Never Users (n = 1447)

Current users (n = 312)

Exclusive use

(n = 219)

Dual/Poly use

(n = 93)

P-valuea

Age

    

0.234

 18–19

444 (17.4)

294 (65.8)

41 (10.0)

19 (4.5)

 

 20–21

957 (37.1)

575 (60.0)

74 (8.0)

37 (3.6)

 

 22–23

663 (27.8)

371 (55.1)

75 (12.2)

22 (3.1)

 

 24–25

396 (17.7)

207 (51.5)

29 (7.5)

15 (3.9)

 

Gender

    

0.551

 Male

962 (42.9)

583 (60.3)

75 (8.5)

36 (3.5)

 

 Female

1477 (56.4)

852 (56.5)

143 (10.3)

53 (3.6)

 

Race/ethnicity

    

0.005

 NH-White

432 (18.7)

216 (49.9)

33 (8.2)

25 (5.9)

 

 NH-Black

297 (12.8)

207 (68.8)

19 (6.5)

1 (0.5)

 

 Hispanic/Latino

429 (18.6)

223 (51.9)

57 (14.0)

23 (5.2)

 

 Asian/ NI/PI

624 (22.2)

424 (66.9)

29 (4.9)

18 (2.8)

 

 Caribbean/West Indian

355 (14.7)

193 (53.7)

52 (15.0)

9 (2.4)

 

 Other

308 (12.4)

178 (59.1)

26 (8.8)

17 (4.6)

 

Household income

    

0.136

  < $20,000

700 (28.9)

455 (64.3)

65 (10.0)

19 (2.6)

 

 $20,000 - $49,999

747 (30.0)

448 (57.9)

72 (10.8)

33 (4.4)

 

  > $50,000

728 (28.6)

349 (47.7)

66 (9.2)

35 (4.7)

 

Currently employed

    

0.189

 No

1066 (42.7)

716 (66.6)

71 (6.8)

37 (3.3)

 

 Yes

1354 (55.7)

711 (51.8)

145 (11.6)

55 (4.0)

 
  1. NH, Non-Hispanic;
  2. Values are n(%)
  3. Row percentages do not add up to 100% as the category of ever hookah users and current other tobacco users (n = 658) and missing responses (n = 43) are not included in the table
  4. aChi-square test between exclusive hookah users vs. dual/poly hookah users