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Table 4 Comparison of the mean score and SD of the aspects of Psychological functioning in terms of the demographical variables

From: Psychological, social, and motivational factors in persons who use drugs

Variable

Self-esteem

Depression

Anxiety

Decision-making confidence

Psychological functioning

Gendera

M

2.0 ± 25.95

2.1 ± 01.09

1.0 ± 78.88

1.0 ± 94.85

2.0 ± 0.64

F

2.1 ± 54.02

2.0 ± 44.90

2.0 ± 7.91

1.0 ± 99.97

2.0 ± 26.63

Sig.

0.110

0.015

0.081

0.758

0.030

Educationb

Elementary level

2.1 ± 30.02

2.1 ± 1.02

1.0 ± 80.88

1.0 ± 80.85

1.0 ± 98.67

High school

2.0 ± 25.95

2.1 ± 17.18

1.0 ± 88.95

1.0 ± 96.90

2.0 ± 7.68

Higher education

2.0 ± 33.91

2.1 ± 1.00

1 ± 76.79

2.0 ± 22.80

2.0 ± 8.53

Sig.

0.887

0.537

0.717

0.015

0.520

Place of residencea

Urban

2.0 ± 28.98

2.1 ± 16.07

2.0 ± 5.88

1.0 ± 94.88

2.0 ± 2.65

Rural area

2.0 ± 33.78

2.1 ± 6.10

1.0 ± 80.92

2.0 ± 0.75

2.0 ± 13.54

Sig.

0.791

0.700

0.245

0.736

0.375

Jobb

Office employee

2.0 ± 37.95

1.1 ± 99.12

1.0 ± 79.89

2.0 ± 7.94

2 ± 5.66

Housewife

2 ± 92.92

2 ± 71.82

2.0 ± 31.92

1.0 ± 77.96

2.0 ± 43.65

Worker

2.0 ± 60.82

2.0 ± 31.98

1.0 ± 93.80

1.0 ± 77.77

2.0 ± 15.53

Freelancer

2.0 ± 7.91

1.1 ± 88.07

1.0 ± 77.91

2.0 ± 5.82

1.0 ± 94.63

Unemployed

1.1 ± 88.31

2.1 ± 16.29

1.0 ± 41.75

1.1 ± 66.07

1.0 ± 78.76

Retired

1.0 ± 48.36

1.0 ± 28.89

1.0 ± 20.60

2.0 ± 8.76

1.0 ± 51.56

University student

2.0 ± 90.14

2.0 ± 17.24

2.0 ± 38.18

2.0 ± 0.05

2.0 ± 36.1

Sig.

0.000

0.009

0.023

0.264

0.004

Marital statusb

Unmarried

2.0 ± 44.93

2.1 ± 29.12

1.0 ± 98.84

1.0 ± 92.84

2.0 ± 16.62

Married

2.0 ± 22.91

1.1 ± 87.03

1.0 ± 73.88

2.0 ± 2.90

1.0 ± 96.61

Divorced

2.1 ± 61.13

2.1 ± 41.14

2.1 ± 0.01

1.0 ± 80.71

2.0 ± 20.76

Widow

1.0 ± 31.78

2.0 ± 12.70

1.0 ± 36.55

1.0 ± 58.95

1.0 ± 59.59

Sig.

0.001

0.013

0.046

0.276

0.008

Incomeb

Low

1.0 ± 48.89

2.1 ± 28.02

1.0 ± 95.85

1.0 ± 96.82

1.0 ± 91.59

Moderate

1.1 ± 99.04

1.1 ± 74.10

1.0 ± 61.91

1.0 ± 83.94

1.0 ± 79.70

High

1.0 ± 82.96

1.0 ± 52.98

1.0 ± 51.92

2.0 ± 36.84

1.0 ± 80.61

Sig.

0.000

0.000

0.007

0.053

0.000

Way of usingb

Smoking

2.1 ± 14.10

1.1 ± 92.07

1.0 ± 83.95

1.0 ± 94.89

1.0 ± 96.75

Injection

2.0 ± 70.93

2.0 ± 58.94

2.0 ± 9.57

1.0 ± 67.38

2.0 ± 26.54

Oral

2.0 ± 29.97

1.1 ± 98.16

1.0 ± 69.75

2.0 ± 23.92

2.0 ± 5.58

Inhaling

2.0 ± 56.88

2.0 ± 45.93

2.0 ± 2.84

1.0 ± 62.72

2.0 ± 16.53

Mixed

2.0 ± 33.95

2.1 ± 29.11

1.0 ± 92.88

1.0 ± 79.82

2.0 ± 8.79

Sig.

0.759

0.365

0.691

0.063

0.821

Type of druga

Only one type

2.0 ± 12.76

1.0 ± 98.75

1.1 ± 78.12

2.0 ± 30.91

2.0 ± 4.93

Mixed

2.0 ± 3.93

2.1 ± 15.06

2.0 ± 3.88

2.0 ± 10.63

2.0 ± 7.93

Sig.

0.367

0.158

0.143

0.287

0.542

  1. aindependent sample test
  2. bOne-way ANOVA