Table 2 Summary of subgroup analysis of the prevalence of alcohol consumption during pregnancy in Sub-Saharan Africa, 2009- Jan 2020 (n = 30)

By design

Cross- sectional

25

18.81(16.10–21.50)

95%

< 0.001

Case- control

2

18.81(16.10–21.51)

0.0%

0.717

Cohort

3

20.41(18.42–22.39)

78.4%

0.010

By study setting

Health facility

23

17.72(17.06–18.38)

93.8%

< 0.001

Community

7

26.77(25.61–27.93)

87.3%

0.001

By country

South Africa

9

23.54 (22.48, 24.60)

89.9%

< 0.001

Ethiopia

8

16.79 (15.62, 17.97)

96.%

< 0.001

Nigeria

4

15.73(13.99–17.47)

97.4%

< 0.001

Uganda

2

20.18(11.31–15.59)

92.9%

< 0.001

Tanzania

2

13.45(11.31–15.59)

14.9%

0.278

Zambia

1

21.20 (15.36, 27.04)

.

.

Burkina Faso

1

18.50 (15.16, 21.84)

.

.

DR Congo

1

32.50 (26.57, 38.43

.

.

Congo

1

23.30 (21.81, 24.79)

.

.

Ghana

1

20.40 (16.44, 24.36)

.

.