|
Variables (subgroup)
|
Characteristics
|
Included studies
|
Pooled prevalence (95% CI)
|
I2
|
P-value
|
|---|
|
By design
|
Cross- sectional
|
25
|
18.81(16.10–21.50)
|
95%
|
< 0.001
|
|
Case- control
|
2
|
18.81(16.10–21.51)
|
0.0%
|
0.717
|
|
Cohort
|
3
|
20.41(18.42–22.39)
|
78.4%
|
0.010
|
|
By study setting
|
Health facility
|
23
|
17.72(17.06–18.38)
|
93.8%
|
< 0.001
|
|
Community
|
7
|
26.77(25.61–27.93)
|
87.3%
|
0.001
|
|
By country
|
South Africa
|
9
|
23.54 (22.48, 24.60)
|
89.9%
|
< 0.001
|
|
Ethiopia
|
8
|
16.79 (15.62, 17.97)
|
96.%
|
< 0.001
|
|
Nigeria
|
4
|
15.73(13.99–17.47)
|
97.4%
|
< 0.001
|
|
Uganda
|
2
|
20.18(11.31–15.59)
|
92.9%
|
< 0.001
|
|
Tanzania
|
2
|
13.45(11.31–15.59)
|
14.9%
|
0.278
|
|
Zambia
|
1
|
21.20 (15.36, 27.04)
|
.
|
.
|
|
Burkina Faso
|
1
|
18.50 (15.16, 21.84)
|
.
|
.
|
|
DR Congo
|
1
|
32.50 (26.57, 38.43
|
.
|
.
|
|
Congo
|
1
|
23.30 (21.81, 24.79)
|
.
|
.
|
|
Ghana
|
1
|
20.40 (16.44, 24.36)
|
.
|
.
|
