Subgroups | Studies, n | Prevalence (%) | 95%CI | Heterogeneity within the study (I2, Value) | Heterogeneity between groups (P value) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
I2 (%) | P value | |||||
Country | ||||||
 Developed | 8 | 42.09 | 27.29–58.47 | 99.38 | <0.001 | 0.028 |
 Developing | 17 | 24.52 | 19.66–30.14 | 97.34 | <0.001 |  |
Tools used | ||||||
 AUDIT | 23 | 31.52 | 25.66–38.02 | 98.75 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
 CIDI | 2 | 13.51 | 11.86–15.34 | 2.13 | 0.312 |  |
Gender | ||||||
 Male | 15 | 26.90 | 19.72–35.53 | 97.92 | <0.001 |  |
 Female | 15 | 13.37 | 8.79–19.80 | 97.03 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Quality of studies | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.598 |
 High | 19 | 28.50 | 22.42–35.49 | 98.89 | <0.001 |  |
 Moderate and poor | 6 | 33.19 | 18.97–51.33 | 98.54 | <0.001 |  |