Table 3 Percentage of correct ALPHA answers per question
No. | ALPHA question content | All (N = 1143) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
% Correct | (n %) | |||
1 | What is the philosophy behind anti-doping? | 74.63 | 85.30 | |
a. To restrict the pharmaceutical industry’s access to athletes | c. To protect the spirit of sport | |||
b. To hold athletes to a higher standard than non-athletes | d. To promote discipline among athletes | |||
2 | What is the purpose of the World Anti-Doping Code? | 43.74 | 50.00 | |
a. To protect athletes’ fundamental right to participate in doping-free sports | c. To ensure harmonious and effective content anti-doping program at international level | |||
b. To promote health and fairness and equality for athletes | d. All of the above | |||
3 | What is the Prohibited List? | 65.62 | 75.00 | |
a. The list of doctors who are not allowed to work with athletes because of doping sanctions | c. The list of substances and methods that are prohibited in competition and out of competition | |||
b. The list of athletes that have been banned from competition | d. The list of support personnel who are not allowed to work with athletes because of doping sanctions | |||
4 | What are the side effects of using anabolic steroids? | 26.25 | 30.00 | |
a. Men with breasts and women with deep voices | c. Violent mood swings | |||
b. Liver and heart failure | d. All of the above | |||
5 | What does TUE stand for? | 61.07 | 69.80 | |
a. Team Update Exemption | c. Therapeutic Use Exemption | |||
b. Therapeutic Use Enhancement | d. Technical Use Exchange | |||
6 | How can an athlete with a medical condition decide whether to take a medication? | 65.18 | 74.50 | |
a. Athletes can take any medication for medicinal purposes | c. The athlete should determine the need for the medication and seek a TUE | |||
b. The medication is permitted if the medical condition would hinder performance in competition | d. The medication is permitted if it is prescribed by a doctor | |||
7 | Who is responsible for the substances found in an athlete’s body? | 37.80 | 43.21 | |
a. The athlete | c. The coach | |||
b. The doctor | d. The person who provided the substance | |||
8 | What condition allows an athlete to refuse to be tested? | 76.64 | 87.60 | |
a. Family commitments | c. Academic obligations | |||
b. Busy schedules | d. Athletes cannot refuse testing | |||
9 | When must an athlete be notified of an upcoming test? | 46.81 | 53.50 | |
a. 1 month prior | c. 24 h prior | |||
b. 7 days prior | d. No advance notice is required | |||
10 | When do athletes have to tell their National Anti-Doping Organization where they will be living, training and competing? | 37.62 | 43.00 | |
a. Athletes are not required to do this | c. During any year when the Olympics are being held | |||
b. When they are in a Registered Testing Pool (RTP) | d. All athletes must do this | |||
11 | What are the athlete’s right when a positive test is returned? | 44.97 | 51.40 | |
a. The right to have the B sample analyzed | c. The right to copies of the laboratory documentation package | |||
b. The right to attend the opening and analysis of the B sample | d. All of the above | |||
12 | What is the requirement for laboratories that analyze blood or urine samples for doping control? | 56.17 | 64.20 | |
a. The laboratory must be based in the country where the doping control took place | c. The laboratory must be based in the athlete’s country | |||
b. Any laboratory may analyze samples | d. The laboratory must be accredited by WADA | |||