From: Socioeconomic factors associated with cessation of injection drug use among street-involved youth
Ceased Injection Drug Useb | |||
---|---|---|---|
Yes (%) (n = 171) | No (%) (n = 212) | p Value | |
Sociodemographic characteristics | |||
Median age, years (IQR) | 22 (20–24) | 22 (21–24) | 0.769 |
Gender | |||
Male | 103 (60.2) | 144 (67.9) | 0.118 |
Female | 68 (39.8) | 68 (32.1) | |
Ethnicity | |||
Caucasian | 126 (73.7) | 150 (70.8) | 0.573 |
Non-Caucasian | 45 (26.3) | 61 (28.8) | |
High school educationc | |||
Yes | 59 (34.5) | 62 (29.3) | 0.281 |
No | 111 (64.9) | 148 (69.8) | |
Drug use related factors | |||
Any heroin use | |||
Yes | 114 (66.7) | 175 (82.5) | <0.001 |
No | 57 (33.3) | 37 (17.5) | |
Any prescription opioid use | |||
Yes | 55 (32.2) | 97 (45.8) | 0.007 |
No | 116 (67.8) | 115 (54.2) | |
Any crystal meth use | |||
Yes | 116 (67.8) | 162 (76.4) | 0.061 |
No | 55 (32.2) | 50 (23.6) | |
Any cocaine use | |||
Yes | 78 (45.6) | 97 (45.8) | 0.978 |
No | 93 (54.4) | 115 (54.2) | |
Any crack use | |||
Yes | 113 (66.1) | 131 (61.8) | 0.385 |
No | 58 (33.9) | 81 (38.2) | |
Mental health related factors | |||
Mental illness history | |||
Yes | 104 (60.8) | 138 (65.1) | 0.388 |
No | 67 (39.2) | 74 (34.9) | |
Childhood physical or sexual abuse | |||
Yes | 116 (67.8) | 142 (67.0) | 0.933 |
No | 45 (26.3) | 54 (25.5) | |
Depression | |||
Yes | 75 (43.9) | 105 (49.5) | 0.057 |
No | 53 (31) | 46 (21.7) | |
Socioeconomic factors | |||
Homeless | |||
Yes | 121 (70.8) | 160 (75.5) | 0.305 |
No | 49 (28.7) | 51 (24.1) | |
Living with family | |||
Yes | 20 (11.7) | 26 (12.3) | 0.865 |
No | 151 (88.3) | 186 (87.7) | |
Evicted | |||
Yes | 18 (10.5) | 25 (11.8) | 0.664 |
No | 82 (48.0) | 132 (62.3) | |
Living in the Downtown Eastside | |||
Yes | 64 (37.4) | 82 (38.7) | 0.802 |
No | 107 (62.6) | 130 (61.3) | |
Employed | |||
Yes | 62 (36.3) | 93 (43.9) | 0.131 |
No | 109 (63.7) | 119 (56.1) | |
Loss of income assistance | |||
Yes | 13 (7.6) | 18 (8.5) | 0.899 |
No | 108 (63.2) | 157 (74.1) | |
Accessed health care | |||
Yes | 133 (77.8) | 166 (78.3) | 0.045 |
No | 38 (22.2) | 46 (21.7) | |
Incarcerated | |||
Yes | 35 (20.5) | 46 (21.7) | 0.792 |
No | 135 (78.9) | 166 (78.3) | |
Sex work | |||
Yes | 27 (15.8) | 31 (14.6) | 0.751 |
No | 144 (84.2) | 181 (85.4) | |
Dealt drugs | |||
Yes | 86 (50.3) | 108 (50.9) | 0.899 |
No | 85 (49.7) | 104 (49.1) | |
Prohibited street-based income generating activitiesd | |||
Yes | 54 (31.6) | 82 (38.7) | 0.149 |
No | 117 (68.4) | 130 (61.3) | |
Illegal income generating activitiese | |||
Yes | 40 (23.4) | 54 (25.5) | 0.638 |
No | 131 (76.6) | 158 (74.5) |