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Table 2 Opioids in drivers: The presence of alcohol and other drugs in drivers, cases in which opioids were detected together with other substances

From: Roadside opioid testing of drivers using oral fluid: the case of a country with a zero tolerance law, Spain

 

6-AM

Codeine

Methadone

(n = 26)

(n = 16)

(n = 14)

%

%

%

Cocaine

100

87.5

78.6

Amphetamines

7.7

18.5

21.4

THC

34.6

31.2

35.7

Benzodiazepines, zolpidem and zopiclone

15.4

31.2

28.6

Alcohol

15.4

31.2

14.3

  1. 6-AM 6-acetylmorphine
  2. THC delta 9 tetrahydrocannabinol