Table 1 Opioids in drivers: Concentrations in oral fluid, laboratory confirmation data (ng/ml)
Opioid Alone | Opioid in combination | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
median [with percentiles 25 and 75 (Q1-Q3)] | median [with percentiles 25 and 75 (Q1-Q3)] | median [with percentiles 25 and 75 (Q1-Q3]) | |
6-AM | n = 8 | n = 26 | n = 34 |
1.56 | 8.35 | 5.71 | |
[0.32–4.40 | [3.65–200.00] | [1.53–84.05] | |
Morphine | n = 20 | n = 20 | |
37.40 | 37.40 | ||
[2.84–200.00] | [2.84–200.00] | ||
Codeine | n = 10 | n = 16 | n = 26 |
67.0 | 17.00 | 40.55 | |
[4.50–104.21] | [1.70–186.06] | [2.10–120.77] | |
Methadone | n = 10 | n = 14 | n = 24 |
1.65 | 2.70 | 1.71 | |
[0.10–5.42] | [0.10–71.87] | [0.10–15.30] |