Table 1 Drug use patterns among HIV-positive male and female patients accessing HIV care in Japan (n = 963)
Characteristic | Total n (%) | Male | Female | p – value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
918 (95.3%) | 45 (4.7%) | |||
Age (median, IQR) | 42 (37–50) | 42 (37–50) | 41 (35–48) | 0.4491 |
Calendar year of HIV diagnosis | <0.0012 | |||
1984–2005 | 337 (35.0%) | 309 (33.7%) | 28 (62.2%) | |
2006–2009 | 302 (31.4%) | 293 (31.9%) | 9 (20.0%) | |
2010–2013 | 324 (33.6%) | 316 (34.4%) | 8 (17.8%) | |
Currently receiving ART | 911 (94.6%) | 870 (94.8%) | 41 (91.1%) | 0.2893 |
Annual income | 0.0444 | |||
< 1 million Yena | 272 (28.3%) | 253 (27.5%) | 19 (42.2%) | |
1–2.99 million Yena | 242 (25.1%) | 231 (25.2%) | 11 (24.4%) | |
3–4.99 million Yena | 243 (25.2%) | 231 (25.2%) | 12 (26.7%) | |
≥ 5 million Yena | 206 (21.4%) | 203 (22.1%) | 3 (6.7%) | |
Quasi-legal psychoactive substance useb | ||||
Ever | 510 (53.0%) | 508 (55.3%) | 2 (4.4%) | |
In the previous year | 117 (12.2%) | 117 (12.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
Tryptamine-type derivatives (i.e., 5-MeO-DPT or Foxy) use | ||||
Ever | 255 (26.5%) | 255 (27.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
In the previous year | 4 (0.4%) | 4 (0.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
Cannabis use | ||||
Ever | 91 (9.5%) | 88 (9.6%) | 3 (6.7%) | |
In the previous year | 4 (0.4%) | 4 (0.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
Methamphetamine/amphetamine use | ||||
Ever | 110 (11.4%) | 109 (11.9%) | 1 (2.2%) | |
In the previous year | 23 (2.4%) | 23 (2.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
MDMA use | ||||
Ever | 58 (6.0%) | 58 (6.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
In the previous year | 4 (0.4%) | 4 (0.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
Heroin use | ||||
Ever | 5 (0.5%) | 5 (0.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
In the previous year | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
Cocaine use | ||||
Ever | 22 (2.3%) | 22 (2.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
In the previous year | 1 (0.1%) | 1 (0.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
Use of any drugs listed above | ||||
Ever | 522 (54.2%) | 517 (56.3%) | 5 (11.1%) | |
In the previous year | 127 (13.2%) | 127 (13.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | |