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Table 2 Characteristics of the study sample, by depressive symptoms

From: Depressive symptoms and alcohol correlates among Brazilians aged 14 years and older: a cross-sectional study

Demographics and alcohol correlates

No depressive symptoms

 

Mild/Moderate

Major

Total

P-value

 

(%)

(n)

(%)

(n)

(%)

(n)

(%)

(n)

 

Gender

         

Male

80.6

1002

9.6

144

9.8

121

19.4

265

< 0.01

Female

62

1019

16.7

269

21.3

393

38

662

 

Age group

         

14 – 17

69.8

462

17

108

13.3

83

30.3

191

< 0.01

18 – 24

71.6

247

15

60

13.4

57

28.4

117

 

25 – 34

72.9

408

12.1

68

15

103

27.1

171

 

35 – 44

77.2

357

10.5

52

12.3

66

22.8

118

 

45 – 59

68.1

314

11.6

60

20.2

117

31.8

177

 

≥ 60

63.7

233

16.5

65

19.8

88

36.3

153

 

Marital status

         

Single

71.9

803

15

176

13.1

161

28.1

337

< 0.01

Married

73

997

11.8

177

15.2

240

27

417

 

Divorced/Separeted/Widowed

58.7

221

15.5

60

25.8

113

41.3

173

 

Schooling

         

Illiterate/basic

64.3

604

14.3

152

21.4

228

35.7

380

< 0.01

Incomplete or complete elementary school

70.4

597

14.7

129

14.9

132

29.6

261

 

Incomplete or complete high school

75.2

687

12.6

119

12.2

134

24.8

253

 

Incomplete or complete higher education

84.9

133

7.3

13

7.8

20

15.1

33

 

Family income

         

≤ US $208

63.5

753

16.2

199

20.3

252

36.5

451

< 0.01

US $209 – US $347

68

384

15.2

86

16.8

102

32

188

 

US $348 – US $555

76.6

355

11.5

55

11.9

67

23.4

122

 

US $556 – US $1,157

79.7

231

8.5

24

11.8

44

20.3

68

 

> US $1,157

84.1

97

8.7

14

7.2

9

15.9

23

 

Not informed

77.6

201

10.2

35

12.2

40

22.4

75

 

Region

         

North

59

120

23.1

36

17.9

41

41

77

< 0.04

Mid-west

67.4

146

14.8

38

17.8

47

32.6

85

 

Northeast

73

611

11.2

111

15.8

147

27

258

 

Southeast

71.9

858

13

176

15.1

217

28.1

393

 

South

73.8

286

11.7

52

14.5

62

26.2

114

 

Sector

         

Urban

71.7

1701

12.9

337

15.4

441

28.3

778

0.39

Rural

67.9

320

15.3

76

16.8

73

32.1

149

 

Age at first use

         

No drinking

63.3

854

16.6

230

20.1

298

36.7

528

< 0.01

Up to 14 years

69.5

223

11.4

43

19.1

51

30.5

94

 

15 - 17 years

77.4

379

12.8

70

9.8

56

22.6

126

 

18-24 years

79.8

424

9.6

54

10.6

72

20.2

126

 

≥ 25 years

75.2

107

9

12

15.8

28

24.8

40

 

Problems related to alcohol consumption

         

None

70.6

1605

14

339

15.3

392

29.3

731

< 0.01

One

80.1

112

8.5

17

11.4

25

19.9

42

 

Two

79.9

84

10.3

10

9.9

9

20.2

19

 

Three

80.4

57

12.2

11

7.4

8

19.6

19

 

≥ Four

64

163

11.9

36

24.1

80

36

116

 

Volume-Variability Index

         

Frequent heavy drinker

82.3

148

7.3

18

10.3

26

17.6

192

< 0.01

Frequent drinker

79.6

283

9.9

37

10.6

43

20.5

363

 

Less frequent drinker

75.5

289

10.8

45

13.7

57

24.5

391

 

Infrequent drinker

74.6

299

12.9

55

12.5

59

25.4

413

 

Abstainer

64.5

1002

16

258

19.4

329

35.4

1589

 

Binge drinking

         

Abstainer

64.6

1002

16.1

258

19.3

328

35.4

586

< 0.01

No

78.8

508

10.2

68

11

83

21.2

151

 

Yes

76.1

511

10.9

87

13

103

23.9

190

 

Abuse

         

No/Abstainer

71.7

1890

13.2

384

15.1

462

28.3

846

0.08

Yes

64.2

131

13.7

29

22.1

52

35.8

81

 

Dependence

         

No/Abstainer

72.6

1916

12.9

382

14.5

445

27.4

827

< 0.01

Yes

54

105

17.2

31

28.8

69

46

100

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