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Table 3 Random effect negative binomial regression on days in hospital

From: Utilization of emergency and hospital services among individuals in substance abuse treatment

Ā 

IRR

SE

p

95% CI

Race/ethnicity

Ā Ā Ā Ā 

ā€ƒā€‰Non-Latino Whitea

Ā Ā Ā Ā 

ā€ƒā€‰Black

0.862

0.043

.003

0.782, 0.951

ā€ƒā€‰Latino

0.913

0.039

.032

0.840, 0.992

Age

1.004

0.002

.038

1.000, 1.007

Male

0.904

0.034

.007

0.841, 0.972

Education

1.000

0.007

.968

0.987, 1.013

Homeless

1.400

0.055

< .001

1.297, 1.512

History of mental health issues

0.623

0.023

< .001

0.579, 0.671

Days of mental health counseling

1.022

0.004

< .001

1.013, 1.031

Days of psychiatric care

1.064

0.004

< .001

1.056, 1.071

Days of physical problems

1.074

0.002

< .001

1.071, 1.077

Age at first drug use

1.003

0.002

.258

0.998, 1.007

Days of primary drug use

0.994

0.002

< .001

0.991, 0.997

Primary drug problem

Ā Ā Ā Ā 

ā€ƒā€‰Alcohola

Ā Ā Ā Ā 

ā€ƒā€‰Cocaine

1.695

0.099

< .001

1.512, 1.901

ā€ƒā€‰Heroin

0.791

0.052

< .001

0.695, 0.901

ā€ƒā€‰Marijuana

0.929

0.064

.281

0.812, 1.062

ā€ƒā€‰Methamphetamine

0.831

0.078

.047

0.692, 0.998

ā€ƒā€‰Other

1.222

0.100

.014

1.041, 1.434

Children younger than 18

1.008

0.006

.143

0.997, 1.020

Program modality

Ā Ā Ā Ā 

ā€ƒā€‰Outpatienta

Ā Ā Ā Ā 

ā€ƒā€‰Methadone

1.034

0.130

.789

0.809, 1.323

ā€ƒā€‰Residential

1.821

0.092

< .001

1.650, 2.010

  1. Note: IRR, incidence rate ratio. IRRs can be interpreted as the estimated rate ratio for a 1-unit increase in the independent variable, given the other variables are held constant in the model. For example, if days of mental health counseling increased by 1 point, the ratio for number of ER visits would be expected to increase by a factor of IRRā€‰=ā€‰1.022, while holding all other variables in the model constant.
  2. Wald chi-square with 20 degrees of freedomā€‰=ā€‰5313.21. The corresponding p-value is less than 0.0001.
  3. aReference category.