Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristics | ORa(95% CI) | p-value | ORb(95% CI) | p-value |
Sex | ||||
Male | 1 | 1 | ||
Female | 0.98 (0.81-1.19) | 0.886 | 1.53 (1.24-1.89) | <0.001 |
Age in years (categorical) | ||||
≤ 13 | 1 | 1 | ||
> 13 | 1.14 (0.92-1.43) | 0.219 | 1.06 (0.84-1.33) | 0.597 |
Parents’ smoking status | ||||
None | 1 | 1 | ||
At least one parent smokes | 1.82 (1.52-2.19) | <0.001 | 1.64 (1.35-1.99) | <0.001 |
I don’t know | 2.44 (1.39-4.28) | <0.001 | 1.51 (0.82-2.76) | 0.179 |
Friends’ smoking status | ||||
do not have friends who smoke | 1 | 1 | ||
Have friends who smoke | 2.84 (2.36-3.42) | <0.001 | 2.77 (2.27-3.40) | <0.001 |
Classes on harmful effects of smoking | ||||
Did attend | 1 | 1 | ||
Did not attend | 1.13 (0.95-1.36) | 0.161 | 1.16 (0.95-1.40) | 0.126 |
Access to antismoking media | ||||
No | 1 | 1 | ||
Yes | 0.82 (0.68-0.99) | 0.041 | 0.73 (0.59-0.89) | 0.002 |
Exposure to billboards cigarette marketing | ||||
No | 1 | 1 | ||
Yes | 1.19 (0.99-1.43) | 0.062 | 0.98 (0.78-1.22) | 0.863 |
Exposure to newspapers/magazines cigarette marketing | ||||
No | 1 | 1 | ||
Yes | 1.29 (1.07-1.56) | 0.008 | 1.30 (1.03-1.65) | 0.026 |
Boys who smoke have more or less friends | ||||
Less friends or no difference | 1 | 1 | ||
More friends | 0.99 (0.79-1.23) | 0.946 | 0.78 (0.58-1.04) | 0.090 |
Girls who smoke have more or less friends | ||||
Less friends or no difference | 1 | 1 | ||
More friends | 1.10 (0.87-1.41) | 0.408 | 0.96 (0.70-1.34) | 0.851 |
Boys who smoke are more or less attractive | ||||
Less attractive or no difference | 1 | 1 | ||
More attractive | 1.70 (1.34-2.16) | <0.001 | 1.36 (0.99-1.85) | 0.051 |
Girls who smoke are more or less attractive | ||||
Less attractive or no difference | 1 | 1 | ||
More attractive | 1.66 (1.26-2.17) | <0.001 | 1.30 (0.91-1.85) | 0.141 |
People who smoke are more or less comfortable | ||||
Less comfortable or no difference | 1 | 1 | ||
More comfortable | 1.69 (1.25-2.28) | 0.001 | 1.32 (0.94-1.85) | 0.101 |
Knowledge of harmful effects of smoking | ||||
Poor | 1 | 1 | ||
Good | 0.50 (0.40-0.63) | <0.001 | 0.54 (0.43-0.69) | <0.001 |
Knowledge of harmful effects of secondhand smoke | ||||
Poor | 1 | 1 | ||
Good | 0.74 (0.29-1.87) | 0.535 | 0.62 (0.24-1.62) | 0.335 |