From: Impact of a board-game approach on current smokers: a randomized controlled trial
Characteristic | Pick-Klop group (n1 = 120) | Psychoeducation group (n2 = 60) | Waiting-list group (n3 = 60) | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age in years | 33.7 ±13.4 (19, 66) | 28.7 ±10.8 (18, 59) | 30 ±10 (20, 60) | 0.03 |
Women,% | 64.2 | 78.3 | 53.3 | 0.02 |
Education,% | n.s. | |||
- High school or lower | 14.3 | 1.7 | 13.3 | |
- Professional school | 27.7 | 40 | 30 | |
University degree | 58.0 | 58.3 | 56.7 | |
Smoking history | ||||
- Age at start of smoking | 16.9 ±3 (8, 27) | 15.2 ±2 (11, 20) | 16 ±2.2 (12, 23) | 0.03 |
- Years of cigarette smoking | 16.9 ±13.4 (1, 49) | 13.5 ±10.2 (3, 40) | 14.4 ± 10.6 (2, 44) | n.s. |
- No. of cigarettes smoked/day | 15.8 ±8.3 (3, 50) | 15.5 ±7.3 (4, 40) | 12.8 ±7 (1, 32) | 0.04 |
- No. of previous attempts to quit | 2.8 ±2.4 (0, 17) | 3.2 ±2.4 (0, 12 | 2.4 ±2.4 (0, 15) | n.s. |
- Have previously sought help to quit,% | 35 | 31.7 | 30 | n.s. |
Living with a smoker,% | 47.5 | 56.7 | 58.3 | n.s. |
Stage of change,% | 0.01 | |||
- Precontemplation | 38.3 | 20 | 43.3 | |
- Contemplation | 48.3 | 61.7 | 46.7 | |
- Preparation | 13.3 | 18.3 | 10.0 | |
Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence | 3.3 ±1.9 (0, 8) | 3.4 ±2.1 (1, 8) | 2.8 ±2.4 (0, 10) | n.s. |
Attitudes Towards Nicotine Replacement Therapy Scale | ||||
- Perceived advantage | 19.3 ±8.6 (0, 35) | 18.8 ±8.8 (2, 32) | 19.7 ±8.8 (0, 35) | n.s. |
- Drawback | 9.9 ±4.3 (2, 20) | 11.3 ±4.4 (4, 20) | 10 ±4.7 (0, 20) | n.s. |
- “Don’t know” answers | 2.2 ±2.7 (0, 11) | 2.4 ±2.9 (0, 8) | 2.5 ±3.2 (0, 12) | n.s. |
Attitudes Towards Smoking Scale | ||||
- Adverse effects of smoking | 38.6 ±6.8 (15, 50) | 38.8 ±8.5 (15, 50) | 39.8 ±5.3 (28, 50) | n.s. |
- Psychoactive benefits of smoking | 13.9 ±4.1 (4, 20) | 14.3 ±4.1 (6, 20) | 14 ±4.3 (4, 22) | n.s. |
- Pleasure of smoking | 14.4 ±3.8 (4, 20) | 13.6 ±3.1 (5, 20) | 14.7 ±3.6 (8, 20) | n.s. |
Smoking Self-Efficacy Questionnaire | ||||
- Internal score | 15.6 ±5.9 (5, 30) | 14 ±6.0 (6, 30) | 15.9 ±6.7 (6, 30) | n.s. |
- External score | 13.8 ±6.3 (4, 30) | 11.9 ±5.3 (4, 28) | 13.7 ±7.0 (6, 30) | n.s. |
- Total score | 29.3 ± 10.8 (10, 60) | 25.8 ± 9.5 (12, 55) | 29.8 ± 12.5 (12, 54) | n.s. |
Psychiatric disorder history,% | n.s. | |||
- Depression/mood disorder | 19.2 | 10 | 23.3 | |
- Other disorder | 8.3 | 10 | 10 |