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Table 1 Health care setting and service characteristics of study physician participants, total sample and by treatment unit size

From: Structural barriers in the context of opiate substitution treatment in Germany - a survey among physicians in primary care

Item

Total (N = 596)

Treatment unit size S

Group difference

Small (N = 130)

Medium (N = 209)

Large (N = 257)

Treatment unit characteristics

 Single practice*

54.0

60.8

53.6

51.0

p = .003

 Urban*

68.5

49.2

65.4

80.9

p < .001

 Number of medical practitioners per practice**

1.8 (±1.4)

1.6 (±0.9)

1.7 (±1.8)

1.9 (±1.1)

n.s.

 Practices with at least one psychologist or social worker*

10.1

3.1

2.9

19.5

p < .001

 Total number of employees (including nurses, etc.)**

5.7 (±3.7)

4.7 (±2.5)

5.3 (±3.5)

6.7 (±4.2)

p < .001

 Addiction society member*

23.3

4.6

16.7

38.1

p < .001

Medical specialisation* (multiple answers)

 General practitioner

83.7

86.9

83.7

82.1

n.s.

 Internal medicine

19.6

20.8

18.7

19.8

n.s.

 Psychiatry

8.1

4.6

3.3

13.6

p < .001

Additional qualifications*

 Infectiology

3.2

0.8

1.4

5.8

p = .006

 Psychotherapy

4.4

4.6

2.9

5.4

n.s.

Opiate substitution treatment (OST)

 Number of patients in OST**

56.4 (±75.0)

5.0 (±3.3)

26.6 (±8.9)

106.6 (±91.7)

p < .001

 Physicians’ years in OST**

12.4 (±5.7)

9.4 (±6.0)

13.1 (±5.3)

13.4 (±5.4)

p < .001

 Assessment of regional OST care situationG

3.5 (±1.5)

3.8 (±1.5)

3.5 (±1.4)

3.4 (±1.5)

p = .037

 Deficient regional OST care situation***

27.4

34.4

27.5

23.8

n.s.

Infectious diseases (HCV/HIV)

 Regular HIV/HCV Testing*

69.1

54.7

72.6

79.8

p < .001

 Provide HIV treatment***

25.4

16.1

23.5

31.1

p = .006

 Provide HCV treatment***

51.7

32.8

49.3

62.9

p < .001

 Assessment of regional HCV/HIV care situation for OST patientsG

2.9 (±1.4)

2.8 (±1.4)

2.8 (±1.3)

3.0 (±1.4)

n.s.

 Deficient regional HCV/HIV care situation***

15.3

13.7

11.7

19.0

n.s.

Psychiatric co-morbidities

 Estimated percentage of OST patients with psychiatric comorbidity**

34.9 (±26.9)

37.3 (±33.4)

32.4 (±23.5)

35.9 (±26.2)

n.s.

 Treatment of psychiatric co-morbidities always/often***

64.5

55.9

58.4

73.8

p < .001

 Treatment of psychiatric co-morbidities always/often w/o psychiatrist*** (n = 544)

61.4

53.7

56.9

69.7

p = .004

  1. S According to number of OST clients/year: small = up to 10; medium = 11 to 40; large = more than 40.
  2. G Mean values ± SD of ratings from 1 = very good to 6 = totally deficient.
  3. * Percentages; ** Mean ± SD; *** yes, percentages.