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Table 3 Knowledge of overdose

From: Attitudes and knowledge about naloxone and overdose prevention among detained drug users in Ningbo, China

 

Total

Male

Female

Signs of heroin overdose

   

   Breathing ↑

15.8%

15.4%

16.7%

   Breathing ↓

26.1%

26.5%

25.0%

   Pulse ↑

20.9%

20.4%

22.2%

   Pulse ↓

25.2%

24.1%

27.8%

   Pupils ↑

23.5%

17.9%

36.1%

Pupils ↓

10.7%

11.7%

8.3%

   Body temperature ↑

8.1%

6.2%

12.5%

   Body temperature ↓

6.8%

4.9%

11.1%

   Loss of consciousness

51.3%

43.8%

68.1%

   Excited

7.3%

7.4%

6.9%

   Don't know

9.4%

11.1%

5.5%

Responding to a victim of overdose

   

   Waking him/her up

22.6%

13.1%

44.2%**

   Pinching an acupuncture point

21.7%

25.1%

46.8%**

   Cold water

7.7%

5.7%

10.4%

   Injecting salt water

56.0%

47.4%

75.3%**

   Calling 120 (emergency)

34.1%

34.9%

32.5%

   Drinking water

3.2%

2.3%

5.2%*

Naloxone

6.0%

7.4%

2.6%

Mouth to mouth resuscitation

12.7%

9.7%

32.5%*

Waking up on his/her own

2.0%

2.3%

1.3%

Don't know

3.6%

4.0%

2.6%

Injecting salt water is effective to prevent overdose

   

   Yes

63.4%

60.7%

69.7%

   No

8.8%

10.4%

5.3%

   Don't know

27.8%

28.9%

25.0%

Naloxone is effective to prevent overdose

   

Yes

28.2%

32.2%

19.5%*

No

8.1%

7.6%

9.1%

Don't know

63.7%

60.2%

71.4%

Having learned cardiopulmonary resuscitation techniques

   

Yes

17.6%

19.6%

12.9%

No

82.4%

80.4%

87.1%

Causes of overdose

   

   After drinking heavily

21.9%

19.0%

27.8%

   Poly-drug use

14.6%

12.5%

19.0%

   Abstinence

26.7%

17.3%

46.8%**

   Good quality of heroin

76.1%

73.8%

81.0%

   Unknown substance in heroin

18.2%

14.3%

26.6%*

   Don't know

4.5%

5.4%

2.5%

How did participants obtain information about heroin overdose?

   

   Friends

63.1%

56.1%

78.2%**

   Brochures

23.7%

22.8%

25.6%

   Media

24.5%

28.1%

16.7%

   Training programs

3.6%

5.3%

0

   Don't know

4.8%

5.8%

2.6%*

  1. *p < 0.05 a significant difference between male and female participants
  2. **p < 0.01 a significant difference between male and female participants