Acupuncture compliant n= 13 | Acupuncture non-compliant n=27 | Control n=32 | P-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Maternal methadone dose at delivery (mg), mean (sd) a | 75.2 (63.7) | 67.0 (45.5) | 64.5 (48.3) | 0.86 |
Change in methadone dose from admission- until delivery, (mg), mean (sd)a | −15.9 (37.7) | −8.9 (34.8) | −11.6 (25.7) | 0.85 |
Days of newborn treatment with morphine, mean (sd) a | 1.9 (4.5) | 4.0 (7.8) | 3.5 (7.7) | 0.71 |
Apgar Score < 7 @ 1 minute, n (%) b | 2 (15.4) | 7 (26.9) | 6 (20.7) | 0.80 |
Apgar Score < 7 @ 5 minute, n (%) b | 1 (7.7) | 0 | 2(6.9) | 0.41 |
Missing | 0 | 1 | 3 | |
Admitted to NICU, n (%) b | 4 (30.8) | 12 (44.4) | 9 (28.1) | 0.44 |
Mother lost custody, n (%) b | 5 (38.5) | 7 (26.9) | 12 (40/0) | 0.54 |
Missing | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
Symptoms of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (days), mean (sd) a | ||||
High pitched cry c | 2.1 (3.5) | 4.0 (5.4) | 3.4 (6.1) | 0.83 |
Crying inconsolably | 0.3 (1.0) | 0.3 (1.0) | 0.4 (1.1) | 0.52 |
Tremors/jitteriness when disturbed | 5.7 (2.5) | 9.5 (5.9) | 8.7 (7.2) | 0.28 |
Tremors/jitteriness when undisturbed | 0.4 (1.0) | 2.3 (3.4) | 1.5 (2.8) | 0.24 |
Abnormal muscle tone | 3.1 (4.0) | 5.7 (6.9) | 5.7 (8.7) | 0.83 |
Disorganized sucking/swallowing | 1.8 (4.4) | 2.3 (4.6) | 2.6 (5.8) | 0.89 |
Weak or absent suck | 1.3 (2.9) | 2.1 (4.1) | 2.4 (5.3) | 0.98 |
Vomiting | 0.1 (0.3) | 0.3 (1.0) | 0.3 (1.0) | 0.86 |
Loose, watery, or explosive stools | 0.6 (1.2) | 1.9 (4.0) | 1.8 (3.0) | 0.21 |