Do drug treatment variables predict cognitive performance in multidrug-treated opioid-dependent patients? A regression analysis study

Table 1 Group demographics

	Buprenorphine (n = 52)	Methadone (n = 52)	Group comparisons^a
Age (M ± SD)	31 ± 7	35 ± 8	BN < M, p = .007**
Sex, female/male	18/34	20/32	p =.84
Sex, female/male	35%/65%	38%/62%
Verbal intelligence^b (M ± SD)	100 ± 10	101 ± 10	p =.44
Education, patients with primary education/any secondary education	35/17	34/18	p = 1.00
	67%/33%	65%/35%
Substance abuse onset age, years (M ± SD)	16 ± 3	15 ± 2	p = .17
Patients with early onset of substance abuse^c	15	23	p =.31
Patients with early onset of substance abuse^c	29%	44%
Duration of OST, months (M ± SD)	14 ± 7	17 ± 10	p = .08
Patients with more than 12 month in OST	30	33	p = .69
Patients with more than 12 month in OST	57%	63%
Number of cognitive testing
patients with one testing	34 (65%)	40 (77%)	p =.28
patients with two or three testing	18 (35%)	12 (23%)
Patients with high-frequency substance abuse in the previous month^d	18	22	p =.55
	35%	42%
Patients with positive drug screen at test	13	13	p = 1.00
Patients with positive drug screen at test	25%	25%
Patients with the past month daily nicotine use	52	51%	p =.50
Patients with the past month daily nicotine use	100%	98%

Note. BN = buprenorphine patients, M = methadone patients.
^aTested with t-test or Fisher’s Exact Test.
^bEstimation based on the vocabulary subtest of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale – Revised (WAIS-R)[30].
^cConsidered as early up to 14 years of age.
^dConsidered as high when three or more days a week. Alcohol use was taken into account if it was at least mean weekly 16 portions (12 g) for females and 24 portions for males or binge drinking occurred on any day.
**p < 0.01.

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