Perceptions of neighborhood social environment and drug dependence among incarcerated women and men: a cross-sectional analysis

Table 1 Sample characteristics, N = 596

Variable	N	*Percent*	*Mean*	SD
Age			34.7	10.8
Gender
Male	306	51.3%
Female	290	48.7%
Race
Black	249	42.5%
White	244	41.6%
Latino	53	9.0%
Bi-racial	19	3.2%
Other	21	3.6%
Lifetime mental health problem history¹	284	48.2%
Past year intimate partner violence	192	36.3%
Past year drug dependence²	229	49.9%
Fear of neighborhood violence prior to incarceration³			1.4	0.9
Perception of level of neighborhood violence prior to incarceration⁴			1.3	1.6
Perceived social capital prior to incarceration⁵			2.6	0.5

Notes:
1. Lifetime diagnosis of depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, or bipolar disease.
2. Based on DMS IV criteria. If participants answered “yes” to three out of six items regarding past year drug use, they were classified as “drug-dependent”.
3. Reported on a scale of 1 to 4, with 4 indicating fear of neighborhood violence all of the time.
4. Based on a summary score of whether participants had heard about five types of violence occurring in their neighborhood. A higher summary score indicates a greater perceived level of neighborhood violence.
5. Reported on a scale of 1 to 4, with 4 indicating high social capital.

ISSN: 1747-597X