Table 1 Comparison of subjects with and without criminal charges in the 2 years after initiation of office-based buprenorphine treatment
From: Criminal charges prior to and after initiation of office-based buprenorphine treatment
Characteristic | Criminal charges (N = 97) | No criminal charges (N = 155) | Χ2, df | P-valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Median Age (range) | 40 (20-56) | 41 (18-67) | Â | 0.770b |
Sex | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Male | 56 (57.7%) | 86 (55.5%) | 0.12, 1 | 0.726 |
   Female | 41 (42.3%) | 69 (44.5%) |  |  |
Insurance | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Commercial | 38 (39.2%) | 66 (42.6%) | 0.29, 1 | 0.593 |
   Medicaid | 36 (37.1%) | 53 (34.2%) | 0.22, 1 | 0.637 |
   Medicare | 19 (19.6%) | 23 (14.8%) | 0.04, 1 | 0.839 |
   None | 4 (4.1%) | 4 (2.6%) | 0.46, 1 | 0.497 |
Employment Status | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Employed | 38 (39.2%) | 75 (48.4%) | 2.07, 1 | 0.153 |
   Unemployed | 31 (32.0%) | 43 (27.7%) | 0.51, 1 | 0.457 |
   Disabled | 28 (28.9%) | 37 (23.9%) | 0.78, 1 | 0.378 |
Abused Substances | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Heroin | 90 (92.8%) | 119 (76.8%) | 10.81, 1 | 0.001 |
   Opioid Rx | 15 (15.5%) | 57 (36.8%) | 13.28, 1 | < 0.001 |
   Cocaine | 58 (59.8%) | 76 (49.0%) | 0.003, 1 | 0.096 |
   Alcohol | 16 (16.5%) | 26 (16.8%) | 2.78,1 | 0.954 |
   Benzodiazepines | 8 (8.2%) | 15 (9.7%) | 0.15, 1 | 0.701 |
Recent opioid maintenance treatment | 18 (18.6%) | 50 (32.3%) | 5.69, 1 | 0.017 |
IDU | 67 (69.1%) | 85 (54.8%) | 5.05, 1 | 0.025 |
Co-morbidities | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   HIV | 14 (14.4%) | 22 (14.2%) | 0.003, 1 | 0.958 |
   HCV | 58 (59.8%) | 67 (43.2%) | 6.55, 1 | 0.010 |
   Psychiatric | 102 (51.3%) | 23 (43.4%) | 1.60, 1 | 0.309 |
   Chronic Pain | 35 (17.6%) | 11 (20.8%) | 0.82, 1 | 0.596 |
Any prior criminal charges | 97 (100%) | 105 (67.7%) | 39.04, 1 | < 0.001 |
Median number of prior criminal cases (range) | 9 (1-43) | 1 (0-25) | Â | < 0.001 b |
Any criminal charges in past 2 years | 62 (63.9%) | 46 (29.7%) | 28.56, 1 | < 0.001 |
≥ 6 opioid-negative mos. | 34 (35.1%) | 83 (53.5%) | 8.21, 1 | 0.004 |
12 mos. in treatment | 46 (47.4%) | 93 (60.0%) | 3.82, 1 | 0.051 |