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Table 1 Distributions of background variables in the sample and among health care visitors

From: Being questioned and receiving advice about alcohol and smoking in health care: Associations with patients' characteristics, health behavior, and reported stage of change

 

In the whole sample

Among health care visitors

Variables categories

%

n

%

n

Gender:

    

Men

44.3

1877

40.7***

1135

Women

55.7

2361

59.3***

1651

Total

100.0

4238

100.0

2786

Age:

    

average age and age span:

43.0 years

18-70 years

43.4 years

18-70 years

Age group:

    

18-24

10.1

428

10.2

283

25-39

22.8

965

22.6

630

35-44

22.2

941

20.9**

583

45-54

18.6

787

18.2

506

55-64

19.9

842

21.2**

591

65-70

6.5

275

6.9

193

Social class:

    

blue collar

21.6

915

21.9

610

lower white collar

15.2

644

16.2*

451

middle white collar

25.0

1060

25.1

700

higher white collar

24.5

1037

23.4*

653

missing values

13.7

582

13.4

372

Sick-leave the last 12 months

    

None

41.6

1764

34.3***

955

1-7 days

35.2

1490

36.1

1005

8-30 days

11.0

464

14.3***

399

31-90 days

3.3

138

4.3***

121

90+ days

5.5

233

7.8***

216

missing values

3.5

149

3.2

90

Physical health:

    

very good

38.1

1613

32.0***

898

Good

44.0

1867

46.8***

1303

neither good or bad

11.0

466

12.7***

353

bad or very bad

5.6

238

7.9***

220

missing values

1.3

54

0.6***

17

Mental health:

    

very good

46.0

1949

41.8***

1165

Good

37.1

1570

39.6***

1103

neither good or bad

9.4

404

10.8***

301

bad or very bad

5.2

219

6.3***

175

missing values

2.3

96

1.5***

42

Smoking:

    

never smoked

48.0

2033

46.3**

1289

present smoker

20.3

860

20.8

579

earlier smoker

30.3

1286

31.6*

881

missing values

1.4

59

1.3

37

Alcohol:

    

don't drink

7.6

323

7.5

209

non-hazardous use

78.9

3343

78.7

2192

hazardous use

10.5

446

10.9

303

dependent on alcohol

2.4

102

2.4

67

missing values

0.6

24

0.5

15

  1. * p < 0.05 ** p < 0.01 *** p < 0.001 Significance levels are given for health care visitors in comparison to non-visitors using Wald chi-square tests in logistic regression models.
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Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy

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