Table 1 Demographic characteristics of participants and their parents by participants' smoking status (N = 1,417)*
| Â | Participants' smoking status | Â | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Never ( n = 830; 58.6%) | Ever ( n = 587; 41.4%) | DF | p value |
Participant Characteristic | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Gender | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Male | 297 (52.2) | 272 (47.8) |  |  |
   Female | 533 (62.9) | 315 (37.1) | 1 | < 0.01 |
Age (years) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Mean (SD) | 15.60 (0.86) | 15.74 (0.94) | 1415 | < 0.01 |
Ethnicity | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Black | 375 (68.6) | 172 (31.4) | 1 | < 0.01 |
   Hispanic | 376 (52.0) | 347 (48.0) | 1 | < 0.01 |
   Other | 39 (62.9) | 23 (37.1) | 1 | 0.48 |
   White | 40 (47.1) | 45 (52.9) | 1 | 0.03 |
Temptations to smoke | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Mean (SD) | 1.27 (0.65) | 1.73 (0.90) | 1415 | < 0.01 |
Parent Characteristic | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Highest level of education of either parent | ||||
   Less than high school | 136 (48.1) | 147 (51.9) | 1 | < 0.01 |
   Completed high school | 188 (58.9) | 131 (41.9) | 1 | 0.88 |
   Some college | 157 (60.2) | 104 (39.8) | 1 | 0.57 |
   Completed college | 198 (63.3) | 115 (36.7) | 1 | 0.06 |
Marital status | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Married | 463 (62.5) | 278 (37.5) |  |  |
   Not married | 367 (54.8) | 309 (45.2) | 1 | < 0.01 |
Smoking status | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Neither parent smokes | 496 (63.6) | 296 (36.4) |  |  |
   Only one parent smokes | 260 (56.8) | 198 (43.2) |  |  |
   Both parents smoke | 74 (44.3) | 93 (55.7) | 2 | < 0.01 |