Skip to main content

Table 4 Logistic regression models for the associations of mental health, abuse and other traumatic exposures with alcohol misuse

From: Symptoms of posttraumatic stress partially mediate the relationship between gender-based violence and alcohol misuse among South African women

Alcohol misuse (No alcohol misuse as reference category)

Categorical variables

P-interaction (CM/IPV/NPSV)*RE

AOR

95%CI

P-value

Mental health

    

 Depressive symptoms

0.997

1.31

0.99–1.73

0.060

 Post-traumatic stress symptoms

0.347

1.49*

1.10–2.03

0.010

GBV exposure

    

 Any CM

0.046

1.59*

1.27–1.99

< 0.001

 Sexual CM

0.068

1.42*

1.04–1.94

0.029

 Physical CM

0.306

1.39*

1.12–1.72

0.002

 Emotional CM

0.326

1.31*

1.04–1.66

0.022

 Parental neglect

0.066

1.27

0.99–1.62

0.057

Multiple CM types (0–4 types)

0.049

1.17*

1.07–1.29

< 0.001

 Any IPV

0.424

2.01*

1.59–2.54

< 0.001

 Sexual IPV

0.680

1.26

0.94–1.68

0.126

 Physical IPV

0.190

2.15*

1.72–2.69

< 0.001

 Emotional IPV

0.510

1.61*

1.30–2.01

< 0.001

 Economical IPV

0.731

1.35*

1.03–1.78

0.031

Multiple IPV types (0–4 types)

0.215

1.26*

1.16–1.37

< 0.001

 Any lifetime NPSV

0.049

1.75*

1.32–2.33

< 0.001

 Any other traumatic exposure

0.580

2.08*

1.62–2.66

< 0.001

Continuous variables

    

Mental health score

    

CES-D (0–60)

0.943

1.02*

1.01–1.03

0.033

PTSS (0–68)

0.394

1.02*

1.01–1.03

< 0.001

GBV severity of exposure score

    

Overall CM (13–46)

0.447

1.07*

1.03–1.10

< 0.001

 Sexual CM (4–13)

0.477

1.14

0.98–1.32

0.080

 Physical CM (3–12)

0.634

1.14*

1.05–1.24

0.001

 Emotional CM (3–13)

0.453

1.13*

1.03–1.23

0.009

 Parental neglect (3–12)

0.099

1.19*

1.05–1.39

0.005

Overall IPV (20–80)

0.051

1.02*

1.01–1.03

< 0.001

 Sexual IPV (4–16)

0.463

1.00

0.94–1.07

0.975

 Physical IPV (5–20)

0.003

1.08*

1.05–1.11

< 0.001

 Emotional IPV (7–28)

0.415

1.05*

1.02–1.07

< 0.001

 Economic IPV (4–16)

0.667

1.03

0.96–1.09

0.444

 Lifetime NPSV (4–12)

0.049

1.33*

1.15–1.54

< 0.001

 Other traumatic exposures (0–11)

0.035

1.23*

1.15–1.31

< 0.001

  1. Separate logistic regression analyses were conducted for each abuse variable adjusting for age, education, employment, residence and recent rape exposure in all models. Alcohol misuse was defined as scored ≥ 3 in the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption questions (AUDIT-C). No-alcohol misuse as AUDIT-C scored 0–2. Depressive symptoms: total scores ≥ 16 for CES-D score (Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale); total scores ≥ 20 for post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) using Davidson Trauma Scale; Any childhood maltreatment (CM): i.e. exposures to sexual, physical or emotional childhood abuse (CA), or parental neglect before 18 years of age; Any intimate partner violence (IPV): i.e. exposures to sexual, physical, emotional or economic IPV; Any lifetime non-partner sexual violence (NPSV): ever exposed to sexual violence by non-partners since age 18, excluding the recent rape exposure; Any lifetime sexual harassment: experienced unwelcome, inappropriate sexual advances and propositions or threatened or coerced to have sex by a non-partner since age 18; Any other traumatic exposure: exposed to any of imprisonment, witnessing a murder robbed at gun or knife point, etc. CM severity score: frequency of any CM items was added for a total score; multiple CM types: sum of all 4 CM types; IPV severity score: frequency of any IPV items was added for a total score; multiple IPV types: sum of all 4 IPV types; overall lifetime NPSV severity score: sum of frequency of sexual violence exposure; other traumatic exposures: sum of any experiencing imprisonment, witnessing a murder robbed at gun or knife point, etc. *Indicates a statistical significance
Back to article page

Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy

ISSN: 1747-597X