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Table 4 Effect of beliefs, attitudes, and knowledge on the HRRSS

From: Harm reduction and recovery services support (HRRSS) to mitigate the opioid overdose epidemic in a rural community

Item

Mean (SD)

 

Adjusted diff*

(95% CI)

p

Agree/True

Disagree/False

p

OUD as disease

4.46 (2.25)

3.13 (1.92)

< 0.001

1.22 (0.64, 1.80)

< 0.001

Addiction to pain medications

4.16 (2.24)

3.62 (2.63)

0.400

0.7 (-0.98, 2.39)

0.412

Can stop drug use

3.80 (2.05)

4.51 (2.35)

0.005

-0.58 (-1.10, -0.05)

0.032

Possible to recover

4.21 (2.24)

4.00 (2.19)

0.700

0.66 (-0.63, 1.95)

0.318

Higher rate of SUD-affected newborn

4.66 (2.26)

3.93 (2.07)

0.006

0.52 (-0.05, 1.09)

0.077

Adequate resources for pregnant women with SUD

4.03 (2.21)

4.54 (2.18)

0.058

-0.08 (-0.67, 0.51)

0.783

Abstinence based therapy only

3.63 (2.06)

4.67 (2.14)

< 0.001

-0.72 (-1.31, -0.12)

0.019

Relapse of overdose

4.17 (2.01)

4.36 (2.18)

0.600

0.06 (-0.77, 0.89)

0.891

Willingness to live in neighborhood of OUD

4.81 (2.32)

3.83 (1.91)

< 0.001

0.92 (0.40, 1.45)

0.001

OUD only for low-income individuals

4.25 (1.67)

4.22 (2.23)

0.943

0.18 (-0.75, 1.11)

0.707

Easily spotting OUD

4.26 (1.97)

4.26 (2.27)

0.982

-0.19 (-0.82, 0.45)

0.562

Embarrassed to reveal individuals with OUD

4.00 (1.88)

4.33 (2.28)

0.200

-0.39 (-0.97, 0.20)

0.196

OUD dangerous

3.62 (1.96)

4.78 (2.26)

< 0.001

-0.9 (-1.43, -0.37)

0.001

Same right to a job

4.79 (2.29)

3.61 (1.90)

< 0.001

1.05 (0.52, 1.58)

< 0.001

OUD part of supportive community

4.33 (2.20)

3.00 (1.63)

0.010

0.92 (-0.16, 1.99)

0.096

Comprehensive prenatal care to pregnant women with SUD

4.36 (2.15)

3.00 (2.14)

0.017

0.74 (-0.39, 1.88)

0.199

Naloxone administration to a stranger

4.55 (2.14)

3.67 (2.10)

< 0.001

0.63 (0.02, 1.24)

0.045

Every time naloxone administration to overdose

4.76 (2.09)

3.77 (2.11)

< 0.001

0.95 (0.41, 1.50)

0.001

Country at risk for HIV or HCV outbreak

4.73 (2.07)

4.15 (2.13)

0.022

0.26 (-0.28, 0.80)

0.348

Effectiveness of MOUD

4.73 (2.13)

3.79 (2.09)

< 0.001

1.11 (0.5, 1.71)

< 0.001

HCV screening offered

4.54 (2.17)

4.23 (2.13)

0.200

0.03 (-0.51, 0.56)

0.922

HIV screening offered

4.91 (2.17)

4.11 (2.09)

0.002

0.45 (-0.11, 1.01)

0.116

  1. * Adjusted for demographic factors including age, sex, race, ethnicity, marital status, employment status, and income
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Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy

ISSN: 1747-597X