Table 1 Sample description

Age – mean (SD)

47.67 (12.13)

48.07 (12.17)

45.44 (11.78)

6558

0.18

Gender – n(%)

0.64

1

0.34

Male

185(54)

161 (55)

24 (46)

Female

158 (46)

130 (45)

28 (54)

Country of birth – n(%)

2.20

1

0.76

Belgium

330 (96)

279 (96)

51 (98)

Other

13 (4)

12 (4)

1 (2)

University/college – n (%)

4.59

1

0.05

Yes

141 (41)

112 (38)

29 (56)

No

202 (59)

179 (62)

23 (44)

Marital status – n (%)

8.11

3

0.13

Married/living together

152 (44)

126 (43)

26 (50)

Divorced/separated

93 (27)

86 (30)

7 (13)

Single

88 (26)

70 (24)

18 (35)

Other

10 (3)

9 (3)

1 (2)

Main substance – n (%)

14.27

2

0.006

Alcohol

228 (66)

203 (70)

25 (48)

Cannabis

26 (08)

17 (6)

9 (17)

Illicit drugs

89 (26)

71 (24)

18 (35)

Multiple substances – n(%)

0.001

1

1

Yes

168 (49)

149 (49)

25 (48)

No

175 (51)

152 (51)

27 (52)

SDS-score – mean (SD)

9.61 (2.82)

9.95 (2.63)

7.75 (3.13)

4437

< 0.001

Problem-duration – mean (SD)

12.98 (9.30)

13.50 (9.04)

10.10 (10.26)

5393.5

0.004

Age of first use – mean (SD)

16.24 (5.68)

15.92 (4.74)

18.02 (5.75)

9260

0.02

Recovery phase – n (%)

4.65

2

0.20

Early recovery (< 1 year)

66 (19)

51 (18)

15 (29)

Sustained recovery (1–5 years)

126 (37)

108 (37)

19 (37)

Stable recovery (≥ 5 years)

151 (44)

132 (45)

18 (35)

SABRS-strengths – mean (SD)

8.09 (3.10)

7.88 (3.12)

9.29 (2.70)

9537

0.007

SABRS-barriers – mean (SD)

5.85 (3.18)

6.22 (3.21)

3.83 (2.14)

4307.5

< 0.001